应用主频带约束高精度Radon变换的多次波压制方法  

Multiple attenuation by high precision Radon transform with dominant frequency band constraint

作　　者：马继涛[1] 赵凯歌 廖震 MA Jitao;ZHAO Kaige;LIAO Zhen(Department of Exploration Geophysics,College of Geophysics,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)地球物理学院物探系,北京102249

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2024年第6期1286-1296,共11页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“三维三参数高精度快速Radon变换多次波压制方法研究”(42274139);中国石油集团公司“物探应用基础实验和前沿理论方法研究”(2022DQ0604-03)联合资助。

摘　　要：Radon变换是地震资料处理中常用的一种算法,通过特定路径求和实现地震数据插值、多次波压制和波场分离。然而,由于采集数据和算法限制,变换域的分辨率较低,提高Radon域分辨率一直是研究的热点。最常用的提高分辨率方法是多次迭代重加权算法,通过迭代更新权重,将加权值聚焦到地震数据曲率上,但很难将加权值聚焦到真实曲率位置。文中提出了一种优化提高变换域分辨率的新方法,即在地震数据的主频带内求取一个加权矩阵,并将加权值聚焦至真实地震曲率位置。首先,计算地震数据的主频,并以主频为中心频率,向低频和高频方向各取一个范围作为约束频带;对主频带内的地震数据采用低频约束策略,从低频到高频迭代计算加权矩阵;从主频带的最后一个加权矩阵得到最终的加权矩阵,并应用于所有其他频率的计算。主频带数据的信噪比高、振幅强,因此,该方法更加稳定,得到的加权矩阵可以显著增强变换域的分辨率。此外,与其他迭代方法相比,它避免了每个频率加权矩阵的迭代过程,计算效率更高。合成数据和实际数据的测试结果证明了该方法的在多次波压制方面的有效性和优势。The Radon transform is a commonly used algorithm in seismic data processing,which achieves seismic data interpolation,multiple attenuation,and wave field separation through specific path summation.However,due to the limitations of acquired data and algorithms,resolution in the transform domain is relatively low.Improving the resolution of the Radon domain has always been a research hotspot.The most frequently used method is the reweighted algorithm with many times of iteration,namely updating weights iteratively to focus the weighted value on the curvature of the seismic data,but it is difficult for the algorithm to focus it on the actual curvature position.Therefore,this paper proposes an optimized new method to improve the resolution of the transform domain,which involves calculating a weighting matrix within the dominant frequency band of the seismic data and focusing the weighted value on the actual seismic curvature position.Firstly,the dominant frequency of the seismic data is calculated,and a range around this dominant frequency is taken as the constrained frequency band.A lower-frequency constraint strategy is applied to the seismic data within the dominant frequency band,and the weighting matrix from low to high frequency is iteratively calculated.The final weighting matrix is obtained from the last weighting matrix within the dominant frequency band and is then applied to the calculations of all other frequencies.The data in the dominant frequency band have a high signal-to-noise ratio and strong amplitude,which thus indicates the proposed method is more stable,and the weighting matrix obtained through it can significantly enhance the resolution of the transform domain.In addition,compared with other iterative methods,it avoids the iterative process of each frequency’s weighting matrix,with a higher computational efficiency.Tests on synthetic and real data have proven the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method in multiple attenuation.

关 键 词：RADON变换 多次波压制 高分辨率 主频带 约束 效率 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]