退化草地生态修复:理论、技术、设备与评价  

Ecological Restoration of Degraded Grasslands:Theory,Technology,Equipment,and Evaluation

作　　者：张庆 李元恒[2] 丁勇[2] 哈斯巴特尔 刘占斌 焦巍[2] 张琼琳 韩芳[6] 刘朋涛[6] 金海峰 席政 ZHANG Qing;LI Yuanheng;DING Yong;HASI Bater;LIU Zhanbin;JIAO Wei;ZHANG Qionglin;HAN Fang;LIU Pengtao;JIN Haifeng;XI Zheng(School of Ecology and Environment,Iner Mongolia University,Hohhot O10021,China;Instituteof Grassland Researchof Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot O10010,China;Forestry and Grassland Work Station of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot O1010,China;Inner Mongolia Xiyangyang Biodynamic Technology Com pany,Xilinhot 026099,China;Ier Mongolia Academy of Agriculural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot O10031,China;Ecological and Agricultural Meteorological Center.of InnerMongolia Autonomous Region,Hohot 010051,China;Inner Mongolia Environmental Protection Investment OnlineMonitoring Com pany,Hohhot 010020,China;Xilinhot Forestry and Grassland Resource Protection Station,Xilinhot 026099,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特010021 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古自治区林业和草原工作总站,呼和浩特010010 [4]内蒙古喜羊羊生物动力科技有限公司,内蒙古锡林浩特026099 [5]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031 [6]内蒙古自治区生态与农业气象中心,呼和浩特010051 [7]内蒙古环保投资在线监控有限公司,呼和浩特010020 [8]锡林浩特市林草资源保护站,内蒙古锡林浩特026099

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期463-472,共10页Journal of Inner Mongolia University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项(2021ZD社37-3);鄂尔多斯“科技兴蒙”重点专项(2022EEDSKJXM002-1)。

摘　　要：退化草地生态修复是全球面临的关键挑战之一,对于生物多样性保护、生态系统功能维持和区域可持续发展具有重要意义。本文概述了退化草地生态修复的理论框架,从植被结构优化、土壤改良、优化放牧3个方面介绍了当前主要的生态修复技术,从播种、施肥、耕作、收获4个环节概述了生态修复的机械设备,从群落调查、无人机航拍、卫星遥感3个尺度总结了退化草地评价。最终,展望了未来退化草地生态修复的主要研究方向。Ecological restoration of degraded grasslands is one of the global challenges,which plays a crucial role in biodiversity conservation,maintenance of ecosystem functions,and regional sustainability.This paper outlines the theoretical framework of degraded grassland ecological restoration,introduces the main ecological restoration techniques from three perspectives:optimizing vegetation structure,improving soil healthy,and enhancing grazing practices.We summarized the mechanical equipment for ecological restoration through four processes:seeding,fertilization,cultivation,and harvest.Additionally,we reviewed the evaluation of degraded grasslands from three scales:community surveys,drone aerial photography,and satellite image.Finally,we envisioned the main research directions for the future ecological restoration of degraded grasslands.

关 键 词：退化草地 生物多样性 土壤改良技术 生态修复 多源遥感数据 

分 类 号：Q948.12[生物学—植物学]