杉木幼龄林生长的良种与初植密度互作效应研究  

Interaction Effects between Improved Varieties and Planting Densities in Young Chinese Fir Plantations

作　　者：李晓燕 孙建军[3] 段爱国[1,2] 张建国[1,2] LI Xiao-yan;SUN Jian-jun;DUAN Ai-guo;ZHANG Jian-guo(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;The Southern National Forestry Collaborative Innovation Center,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Fenyi 336600,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091 [2]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [3]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第6期62-72,共11页Forest Research

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目“杉木用材林定向培育技术研究(2021YFD2201301)”。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨杉木不同良种和初植密度对其幼龄期生长的影响及互作效应,旨在揭示杉木受不同世代种子园良种和初植密度的影响规律,为杉木良种与初植密度的优化配置提供理论依据。[方法]以2012年春在福建省邵武市卫闽国有林场营造的杉木良种和密度互作试验林为研究对象,基于11 a定位观测数据资料,分析2个世代杉木种子园良种(1代和3代)和4种初植密度(1667、3333、5000以及6667株·hm^(-2))交互控制下的林分生长动态效应。[结果]树高、胸径、冠幅、单株材积与初植密度呈负相关关系,除冠幅外,随林龄增长,密度负效应增强;蓄积量和断面积与初植密度呈正相关关系,随林龄增长,密度正效应增强。10~11a间,第3世代良种在低、中初植密度(1667和3333株·hm^(-2))条件下的树高、胸径、单株材积、蓄积量和断面积均显著高于第1世代良种,且增幅效应更强,此密度条件下,高世代良种的生长优势得到明显发挥,而两个良种的冠幅差异不显著。随初植密度增大,高密度(5000和6667株·hm^(-2))下,不同良种间各生长指标差异均较小。良种对树高相对贡献率的变化起伏较大,但5 a后,良种相对贡献率明显低于初植密度。5a时,良种对胸径和冠幅的相对贡献率达最大,明显大于初植密度,此后,随林龄增长,良种相对贡献率逐年下降,在9 a时达到最低。对于单株材积、蓄积量和断面积,在整个调查期间,良种相对贡献率始终低于初植密度。[结论]为提高早期杉木人工林产量,可适当增大初植密度,由于低、中密度条件下更有利于高世代良种生长增益的发挥,所以,用3代良种造林时,可适当扩大初植密度范围,降低初植密度的下限,密度可下调至3333株·hm^(-2),单位面积产量与5000和6667株·hm^(-2)间不存在显著差异。而用1代良种造林时,5000和6667株·hm^(-2)产量均显著高于1667和3333株·hm^(-2)。[Objective]In order to identify the influence of different improved varieties and initial planting densities on young Chinese fir plantations(Cunninghamia lanceolata),it is necessary to investigate the effects of various improved varieties and densities on the dynamic growth of young Chinese fir plantations and their interaction.[Method]In the state-owned forestry farm of Weimin,Shaowu,Fujian Province,an interactive test forest of improved varieties and initial planting densities of Chinese fir was constructed in 2012.The dynamic effects under the interaction of two improved generations of seed orchard(1st and 3rd generations)and four initial planting densities[1667,3333,5000 and 6667 trees·hm^(-2)]were analyzed using data from 11 years of observation.[Result]The initial planting density was negatively correlated with height,DBH,crown width,and stem volume.Excelp for crown width,the negative effects of density increased with increasing age.The initial planting density was positively correlated with both the stand volume and the basal area,and the positive effect of density increased with increasing age.Under low and middle densities[1667 and 3333 trees·hm^(-2)],the third generation improved variety performed better than the first generation in terms of tree height,DBH,stem volume,stand volume,and basal area growth during 10-11 years old.Additionally,the increase effect of low planting density on growth was more pronounced.It was obvious that under this density treatment,the growth advantage of the higher generation improved variety was fully utilized.However,there was no noticeable difference in crown width between the two improved varieties at this density.The difference in all stand factors between the various improved varieties decreased with increasing density,and the differences are small when at high densities[5000 and 6667 trees·hm^(-2)].The relative contribution of improved varieties to tree height fluctuated greatly with the increase of age,but after 5 years old,the relative contribution of improved v

关 键 词：杉木 良种 初植密度 幼龄林 生长 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学]