影响新疆白蜡窄吉丁发生程度的关键因子分析  

Analysis of Key Factors Affecting the Occurrence Degree of Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire in Xinjiang

作　　者：陈佳宇 杨龙 赵吉浩 王岩 阿地力·沙塔尔[1] 辛蓓 CHEN Jia-yu;YANG Long;ZHAO Ji-hao;WANG Yan;ADILI Shataer;XIN Bei(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;The Modern Forestry Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆林业科学院现代林业研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第6期146-155,共10页Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(青年项目:2022D01B26)。

摘　　要：[目的]为明确影响白蜡窄吉丁在新疆发生区发生程度的关键因子,降低白蜡窄吉丁在新疆进一步扩散蔓延的风险。[方法]在白蜡窄吉丁发生区进行踏查后确定样地,采用五点取样法对样地内白蜡窄吉丁的发生程度进行调查,测量树皮结构相关指标,并记录样地的林分特征和相关气象因子。利用主成分分析法筛选出影响白蜡窄吉丁发生程度的关键因子后,分析各因子对白蜡窄吉丁虫口密度的影响,最后利用逐步回归分析法建立多元回归模型验证白蜡窄吉丁发生程度与其影响因子的相互关系。[结果]寄主树种是影响白蜡窄吉丁发生程度的关键因子,树种组成、树皮裂缝深度和形成层厚度对白蜡窄吉丁发生程度的影响次之。其中,白蜡窄吉丁在美国白蜡(13.92±1.50头·株^(-1))上的虫口密度显著高于新疆小叶白蜡(4.76±0.76头·株^(-1))(P≤0.001),且纯林(11.51±1.66头·株^(-1))中白蜡窄吉丁虫口密度显著高于混交林(6.53±1.33头·株^(-1))(P=0.037)。同种寄主植物上,白蜡窄吉丁虫口密度与树皮裂缝深度(新疆小叶白蜡:P≤0.001;美国白蜡:P≤0.001)、形成层厚度(新疆小叶白蜡:P≤0.001;美国白蜡:P≤0.001)呈正相关关系。同种寄主树种韧皮部厚度对白蜡窄吉丁虫口密度无显著影响(新疆小叶白蜡:P=0.593;美国白蜡:P=0.126),但不同寄主树种相同韧皮部厚度间白蜡窄吉丁虫口密度均存在显著差异。[结论]影响白蜡窄吉丁发生程度的关键因子为寄主树种,寄主植物树皮裂缝深度及形成层厚度对白蜡窄吉丁虫口密度有显著影响,调整树种组成可有效降低白蜡窄吉丁危害和扩散蔓延。[Objective]To clarify the key impact factors of the occurrence degree of Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire(emerald ash borer,EAB)and reduce the risk of further spread in Xinjiang.[Methods]"Five-spot"sample method was used to survey the occurrence degree of EAB and the stand characteristics in these samples,host plant bark structure were determined and environmental factors were recorded.Principal component analysis was used to clarify the key factors affecting EAB occurrence degree,and one-way ANOVA was used to analysis the effect of the impact factors on the population density of EAB.In addition,stepwise regression analysis was used to develop multiple regression models to verify the relationship between the occurrence degree of EAB and impact factors.[Results]The results showed that the host species was the key impact factor which affected the occurrence degree of EAB mostly,followed by tree species composition,bark crevice depth and cambium thickness.The population density of EAB on Fraxinus americana Linn.(13.92±1.50)was higher than that on Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge(4.76±0.76)(P≤0.001),and the population density of EAB on pure stand(11.51±1.66)was significantly higher than that of mixed stand(6.53±1.33)(P=0.037).On the same host plant,the population density of EAB was positively related to the bark fissure depth(F.sogdiana:P≤0.001;F.americana:P≤0.001)and cambium thickness(F.sogdiana:P≤0.001;F.americana:P≤0.001).The population density of EAB didn't show significant difference between the phloem thickness of the same host species(F.sogdiana:P=0.593;F.americana.:P=0.126),but which was significantly different between the same phloem thickness of different host species.[Conclusion]The key factor which affects the occurrence of EAB is the host species,bark fissure depth and cambium thickness significantly affect the population density of EAB.Adjusting the composition of host species can effectively reduce the damage and spread of EAB.

关 键 词：白蜡窄吉丁 发生程度 虫口密度 关键因子 寄主树种 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]