不同放牧强度荒漠草原土壤粒径分形维数和养分特征研究  

Study on Fractal Dimension and Nutrient Characteristics in Different Grazing Intensity

作　　者：郭振宁 镡建国 孙世贤[1] 庄玲 陈奕霏 GUO Zhen-ning;TAN Jian-guo;SUN Shi-xian;ZHUANG Ling;CHEN Yi-fei(Institute of Grassland Research of CAAS,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forestry and Grassland Work Station,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010011,China;Bayannur Forestry and Grassland Development Center,Bayannur,Inner Mongolia 015000,China;Ejina Banner Water Conservancy Development Center,Alxa,Inner Mongolia 735400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古自治区林业和草原工作总站,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [3]巴彦淖尔市林业和草原事业发展中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [4]额济纳旗水利事业发展中心,内蒙古阿拉善735400

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第12期3698-3705,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然基金青年基金项目“放牧对荒漠草原短花针茅锥形繁殖体扩散和幼苗定居的影响机制”(32101449);内蒙古自治区技术攻关项目“浑善达克沙地水资源保护与植被近自然修复技术研究与示范”(2021GG0056)资助。

摘　　要：研究荒漠草原地区不同放牧处理土壤粒径、分形维数以及土壤养分之间的关系及动态变化,为该地区放牧制度制定及草原土壤侵蚀的恢复提供理论依据。本研究以荒漠草原地区4种不同放牧处理和1个对照组的样地为研究对象,分析放牧对土壤粒径、分形维数及养分的影响,并对三者的关系进行进一步分析。结果显示:(1)与对照组相比,随放牧强度增加,样地中土壤粘粒和粉粒含量呈现下降趋势,其中粘粒的下降比例在0.14%~0.88%,粉粒的下降比例在1.21%~4.65%之间,砂粒含量随放牧强度增加呈上升趋势,上升比例在1.07%~5.53%之间,围封禁牧能有效提高土壤细颗粒含量。(2)土壤分形维数随放牧强度的增加逐渐降低,分形维数D值在对照处理下最大,在极重度放牧下显著低于其他放牧处理。土壤分形维数与土壤粘粒和粉粒的关系为极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与土壤砂粒的关系为极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),土壤颗粒组成是限制分形维数的重要因素,分形维数可以作为评价土壤质量的重要指标。在荒漠草原地区,适度地进行放牧能有效提高土壤质量,但应该控制在中度及以下范围。This study examines the relationship and dynamic changes between soil particle size,fractal dimension,and soil nutrients under different grazing treatments in a desert steppe region.The goal is to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of grazing management strategies and the restoration of soil erosion in the region.The study analyzed the effects of grazing on soil particle size,fractal dimension,and nutrients using plots with four different grazing treatments and one control group,and further explored the relationship among these factors.The results showed:(1)Compared to the control group,as grazing intensity increased,the clay and silt content in the soil exhibited a declining trend,with clay content decreasing by 0.14%to 0.88%and silt content decreasing by 1.21%to 4.65%.In contrast,the sand content increased with grazing intensity,with an increase ranging from 1.07%to 5.53%.Enclosure and grazing exclusion effectively increased the fine particle content in the soil.(2)The soil fractal dimension gradually decreased with increasing grazing intensity,with the D value of the fractal dimension being highest in the control treatment and significantly lower under heavy grazing than in other grazing treatments.The fractal dimension was significantly positively correlated with soil clay and silt content(P<0.01)and significantly negatively correlated with sand content(P<0.01).Soil particle composition was identified as an important factor limiting the fractal dimension,which can serve as a critical indicator for assessing soil quality.In desert steppe regions,moderate grazing can effectively improve soil quality,but grazing intensity should be controlled to moderate levels or lower.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 放牧强度 土壤粒径 分形维数 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]