施肥对盐碱化草甸草原群落特征和土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Fertilization on the Community Characteristics and Soil Physicochemical Properties of Saline Alkali Grassland

作　　者：迟晓雪 季彦华 格格 魏红 贺丙荣 郭司群 CHI Xiao-xue;JI Yan-hua;GE Ge;WEi Hong;HE Bing-rong;GUO Si-qun(Forestry and Grassland Science Research Institute of Hulunbuir,Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia 021008,China;Forestry and Grassland Pest Control and Quarantine Station of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science Research Institute of Hulunbuir,Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia 021008,China;Food and Drug Inspection Institute of Hulunbuir,Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia 021008,China)

机构地区：[1]呼伦贝尔市林业和草原科学研究所,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021008 [2]内蒙古自治区林业和草原有害生物防治检疫总站,内蒙古呼和浩特010000 [3]呼伦贝尔市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021008 [4]呼伦贝尔市食品药品检验所,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021008

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第12期3915-3923,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：内蒙古自治区重点研发与成果转化项目(2022YFDZ0040);呼伦贝尔市科技计划项目(SF2023006)。

摘　　要：为探究不同改良措施对呼伦贝尔盐碱化草甸草原的植被特征、群落多样性和土壤养分的影响,设置添加有机肥、微生物菌肥、生化黄腐酸(Biochemical fulvic acid,BFA)的改良措施进行研究。结果表明:增施有机肥显著提高了地上生物量、禾本科牧草产量、豆科牧草产量和杂类草产量,分别较对照增加45.94,25.07,11.74,9.16 g·m^(-2);微生物菌肥未显著增加禾本科牧草产量,但显著提高了地上生物量、豆科牧草产量和其他杂类草产量,较对照分别增加30.41,20.00,6.32 g·m^(-2);BFA处理未能显著提高地上生物量和禾本科牧草产量。3种改良措施均提高了物种多样性。增施有机肥和微生物菌肥对盐碱化草甸草原土壤具有正向调控作用,可有效降低土壤pH值、电导率、交换性钠和速效磷含量,增加速效钾含量,提高盐碱化草甸草原地上生物量。To investigate the effects of different improvement measures on vegetation characteristics,community diversity,and soil nutrients in the saline alkali grassland of Hulunbuir,a study was conducted by adding organic fertilizer,microbial fertilizer and biochemical fulvic acid(BFA)as improvement measures.The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer significantly increased above ground biomass,grass yield in the Poaceae family,legume grass yield and miscellaneous grass yield with increase of 45.94,25.07,11.74 and 9.16 g·m^(-2) compared to taht of the control group respectively.Microbial fertilizer did not significantly increased the yield of grasses,but significantly increased above ground biomass,legume yield,and other miscellaneous grass yield,with increased of 30.41,20.00 and 6.32 g·m^(-2) compared to the control respectively.BFA treatment did not significantly increased above ground biomass and grass yield.All three treatments increased species diversity.The application of organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer has a positive regulatory effect on the soil of saline alkali grassland,which can effectively reduce soil pH,conductivity,exchangeable sodium and available phosphorus content,increase available potassium content,improve above ground biomass of saline alkali grassland.

关 键 词：盐碱化草甸 施肥 植被群落特征 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]