冀北山地蒙古栎天然林林分结构特征  

Structural Characteristics of Quercus mongolica Natural Forest Stands in the Northern Hebei Mountain Area

作　　者：史丽娟 吕海涛 张树梓 李联地 Shi Lijuan;Lyu Haitao;Zhang Shuzi;Li Liandi(Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science,Shijiazhuang 050061,P.R.China;Hebei Forestry and Grassland Engineering Project Center)

机构地区：[1]河北省林业和草原科学研究院,石家庄050061 [2]河北省林业和草原工程项目中心

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第2期25-32,42,共9页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划(22327601D);河北省林草关键技术创新与示范项目(2306090)。

摘　　要：以河北省张家口市涿鹿县黄羊山国家森林公园的蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)天然林为研究对象,分析其林分非空间结构(树种组成、径级结构、树高结构)和空间结构(角尺度、大小比数、混交度)特征,采用平方均值指数(F_(SS))对林分空间结构进行综合评价。结果表明:蒙古栎种群整体径级主要集中在7~15 cm径级,树高大多为8.0~9.9 m,在林分中主要占据中层。林分整体角尺度均值为0.550,整体呈聚集分布,其中,1、4、12号样地为随机分布。林分整体大小比数均值为0.512,林木生长优势度较差;蒙古栎的平均大小比数在0.250~0.500,生长占一定优势。林分整体混交度均值为0.459,混交度偏低;蒙古栎的平均混交度为0.310,处于弱度与中度混交区间,混交度偏低,空间隔离程度较弱。林分整体F_(SS)为0.176,林分空间结构偏差。大小比数是影响林分空间结构优劣的主要影响指标。提高林木生长优势度是优化冀北山地蒙古栎天然林林分结构及提升林分质量的首要方向,其次需提高林木混交度,同时还需兼顾水平分布格局的合理性。The study focuses on the natural Quercus mongolica forest in Huangyangshan National Forest Park,Zhuolu County,Zhangjiakou City,Hebei Province.It analyzes the non-spatial structure(tree species composition,diameter class structure,tree height structure)and spatial structure(uniform angle index,neighborhood comparison,traditional mingling)characteristics of the forest stand.A comprehensive evaluation of the spatial structure of the stand was conducted using the square mean index(F_(SS)).The results showed that the overall diameter class of the Q.mongolica population is mainly concentrated in the 7 to 15 cm diameter class,with the majority of trees having heights ranging from 8.0 to 9.9 m,primarily occupying the mid-layer of the stand.The average uniform angle index of the stand as a whole was 0.550,exhibiting a clustered distribution,while plots 1,4,and 12 show a random distribution.The average neighborhood comparison of the whole stand was 0.512,indicating poor growth dominance among the trees.The average size ratio of Q.mongolica is between 0.250 and 0.500,suggesting a certain degree of growth dominance.The average mingling of the whole stand was 0.459,reflecting a low level of mixing.The average mingling of the Q.mongolica was 0.310,falling within the weak to moderate mixing range,indicating a low degree of mixing and a relatively weak degree of spatial isolation.The overall F_(SS) of the stand was 0.176,suggesting a deviation in the spatial structure of the stand.The neighborhood comparison is a primary indicator affecting the quality of the spatial structure of the stand.Enhancing tree growth dominance is the primary direction for optimizing the stand structure of Q.mongolica natural forests in the northern Hebei mountains and improving stand quality.Additionally,it is essential to increase the degree of mixing while considering the rationality of the horizontal distribution pattern.

关 键 词：蒙古栎 径级结构 树高结构 林分结构 空间结构评价 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]