旅游的另类资本性:基于三重视角的分析  

Alternative Capital Nature of Tourism:From a Triple Perspective

作　　者：孙九霞[1,2,3] 张凌媛 王思雅 SUN Jiuxia;ZHANG Lingyuan;WANG Siya(School of Tourism Management,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Center for Tourism,Leisure and Social Development,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Key Laboratory of Greater Bay Area Humanities Community,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学旅游学院,广东广州510275 [2]中山大学旅游休闲与社会发展研究中心,广东广州510275 [3]中山大学大湾区人文共同体重点实验室,广东广州510275

出　　处：《商业经济与管理》2024年第11期52-59,共8页Journal of Business Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“乡村振兴战略下县域城乡融合发展的理论与实践研究”(22&ZD190)。

摘　　要：旅游资本既具有强经济资本属性,同时也具备较强的非经济资本属性。现有旅游研究集中探讨经济资本,缺乏对非经济资本的关注及其与经济资本的统筹性思考。本研究运用案例演绎和归纳分析相结合的研究方法开展探索性理论建构,从旅游消费者、旅游经营者和旅游目的地的三重视角来探讨旅游另类资本性,即非经济资本的属性与功能。研究发现:第一,经营者所积累和占有的资本形式不仅体现在金融资产上,更是体现在突出的社会资本上。关系性的经营场域为旅游经营者的社会网络链接提供了条件。进一步,桥接型社会资本和结合型社会资本基于开放性的、异质性的社会网络而生成;第二,旅游消费者能够通过旅游体验和地理流动经验获得独异性的文化资本,进而能够获得社会阶层的跃升能力;第三,目的地通过旅游资源开发获得了注意力资本和象征资本,从而促使部分乡村目的地能够从地方分层的下层跃升至上层。本研究为理解旅游资本的属性和功能提供了拓展方向。Tourism capital embodies strong attributes of both economic and non-economic capital.Existing tourism research has predominantly focused on economic capital,often neglecting non-economic capital and lacking a comprehensive understanding of its relationship with economic capital.This study employs a combination of case-based deduction and inductive analysis to construct an exploratory theoretical framework,examining alternative forms of tourism capital,namely,the attributes and functions of non-economic capital,from the perspectives of tourism consumers,operators,and destinations.The findings reveal that:(1)The capital accumulated and held by operators is not only reflected in financial assets but also in significant social capital.The relational operational field provides conditions for tourism operators to establish social network links.Furthermore,bridging social capital and bonding social capital are generated based on open and heterogeneous social networks.(2)Tourism consumers can acquire unique cultural capital through tourism experiences and geographical mobility,thereby gaining the potential for social mobility.(3)From the destination perspective,destinations acquire attention capital and symbolic capital through the development of tourism resources,enabling certain rural destinations to ascend from lower to upper strata within local hierarchies.This study offers an expanded direction for understanding the attributes and functions of tourism capital.

关 键 词：旅游资本 经济资本 非经济资本 旅游社会学 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理]