生活的景观  

Landscape of Life

作　　者：王向荣 WANG Xiangrong

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《中国园林》2024年第11期2-3,共2页Chinese Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：我最近造访了乌兹别克斯坦的几个历史名城。这些地方干旱少雨,夏季酷热而冬季严寒,气候条件虽比较严酷,但却具有悠久的人居历史。城市中有大量迷人的古建筑和院子,多是曾经的经学院、清真寺和住宅,今天它们作为古迹、博物馆、手工作坊、集市、宾馆和餐厅等向公众开放。从热闹的街道进入这些宁静雅致的院子,就仿佛进入了一个个温馨安逸的庇护所。每一处院子各不相同,但大多空间适宜,比例和谐,它们是沉思和生活之所。夏天,院子中的大树或棚架过滤了直射的阳光,林荫下的大床是人们安逸休息和畅聊的地方,朝北的敞厅是欣赏庭院、享受惬意生活的室内外过渡空间,冷色调的釉面砖墙让人感受到清凉与宁静;冬天,厚重的墙体接受日光照射的热量,又阻挡寒风的侵袭,让人们可以在庭院中享受阳光下的温暖。院子的布局和形式均来自对不利气候条件的回应和对舒适愉快的室外生活的追求。Recently,I visited several historical cities in Uzbekistan.These places are arid and lack rainfall,with scorching summers and bitterly cold winters.Although the climate conditions are harsh,they have a long history of human habitation.The cities are filled with enchanting ancient buildings and courtyards,mostly former madrasas,mosques,and residential areas.Today,they are open to the public as sites of historical interest,museums,craft workshops,markets,hotels,and restaurants.Entering these tranquil and elegant courtyards from the bustling streets is like stepping into a series of warm and cozy sanctuaries.Each courtyard is unique,but most are spaciously proportioned and harmonious,serving as places for contemplation and living.In summer,large trees or pergolas filter out the direct sunlight,creating shady spots where people can relax comfortably and chat.Northfacing open halls provide indoor-outdoor transitional spaces for enjoying the view of the courtyard and a pleasant life.The cool-toned glazed brick walls exude a sense of calm and tranquility.In winter,the thick walls absorb the heat of the sun and block the cold wind,allowing people to enjoy the warmth of the sun in the courtyard.The layout and form of the courtyards are all responses to the adverse climate conditions and the pursuit of comfortable and pleasant outdoor living spaces.

关 键 词：冷色调 不利气候条件 历史名城 日光照射 过渡空间 乌兹别克斯坦 庇护所 手工作坊 

分 类 号：TU984.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]