峨眉山大蚯蚓胃和肠道的超微结构特征  

Ultrastructural characteristics of stomach and intestine of Pheretima carnosa

作　　者：布呷绒 杨瑶君 徐婧姝[3] 赵兰 唐芳 启米翁姆 德西 更让巴么 廖鸿 BU Garong;YANG Yaojun;XU Jingshu;ZHAO Lan;TANG Fang;QIMI Wengmu;DE xi;GENGRANG Bame;LIAO Hong(Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Bamboo Pest Control and Resource Development,Leshan Normal University,Leshan 614004,China;College of Life Sciences,Leshan Normal University,Leshan 614004,China;Chengdu Meishi International School,Chengdu 610214,China;Jiangxi Forestry Science and Technology Promotion and Publicity Education Center,Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]乐山师范学院竹类病虫防控与资源开发四川省重点实验室,四川乐山614004 [2]乐山师范学院生命科学学院,四川乐山614004 [3]成都美视学校,四川成都610214 [4]江西省林业科技推广和宣传教育中心,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2024年第6期107-114,共8页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1901405)。

摘　　要：胃和肠道是蚯蚓的主要消化器官,是其个体发育的物质基础。采用形态解剖、光学显微镜观察及电镜扫描的方法研究峨眉山大蚯蚓(Pheretima carnosa)的胃和肠道的形态和超微结构。结果表明峨眉山大蚯蚓砂囊肌细胞发达,内壁粗糙、角质化程度高,且在砂囊内壁肌细胞上附着较多大小不一的颗粒,呈现从前到后逐渐递减的现象;胃由多个皱褶组成,分泌多种腺细胞、内壁胶原纤维密布,并在褶皱表面呈半圆球形同一型的黏膜上皮细胞上方密布微绒毛。而在小肠和盲肠的观察发现腔内有黄色细胞。肠黏膜上皮细胞顶端密生微绒毛之外还间生着一丛纤毛,纤毛密集,排列整齐,直肠狭窄。观察发现胃和肠道有多个特殊的结构特征,胃壁附着柱状上皮细胞和腺细胞,具有胶原纤维结构,肠黏膜着生密集纤毛等。胃肠体积增大、结构变异、消化功能增强为峨眉山大蚯蚓的个体增大、体重增加和种群繁育奠定了物质基础。Stomach and intestine are the main digestive organs of earthworms,which are the material basis for individual development.In this study,morphological anatomy,optical microscopy and electron microscopy were used to study the morphology and ultrastructure of the stomach and intestine of P.carnosa.The results showed that the muscle cells of the carcass were well developed,the inner wall was rough and keratinized,and there were many particles of different sizes attached to the muscle cells on the inner wall of the sards,showing a gradual decrease from front to back.The stomach was composed of multiple folds,secreting a variety of glandular cells,dense collagen fibers in the inner wall,and microvilli above the mucosal epithelial cells of the same type that were semicircular spherical on the surface of the folds.Observation of the small intestine and cecum revealed yellow cells in the cavity.In addition to the dense microvilli at the apex of the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells,there was a cluster of cilia interspersed,which were dense and neatly arranged,and the rectum was narrow.It was found that the stomach and intestine had a number of special structural features,such as columnar epithelial cells and glandular cells attached to the gastric wall,collagen fiber structure,and dense cilia of the intestinal mucosa.The increase of gastrointestinal volume,structural variation and enhancement of digestive function laid a material foundation for the individual enlargement,weight increase and population reproduction of P.carnosa.

关 键 词：峨眉山大蚯蚓 胃肠道 解剖结构超微结构 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]