水科学数据的未来:赋能国家水安全  

The future of water science data:empowering national water security

作　　者：彭静[1] Peng Jing

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第23期1-6,共6页China Water Resources

摘　　要：当前,在大数据和智能技术的驱动下,科学研究的范式和技术研发的路径正逐渐加快向数据驱动演化。针对目前水科学数据的整合与统一、数量与质量、存储与管理、分析与应用、政策与制度以及多学科合作等诸多方面存在的挑战,推动水科学数据与数据科学创新发展,加快构建水科学数据体系,必要且紧迫。国家水网是保障国家水安全的网络型基础设施和集成式载体,同时也是一个复杂巨系统,具有多重属性、多层设施、多维载体、多种功能、多级管理等特征。面向其安全发展、绿色发展、智慧发展和融合发展要求,水科学数据和水科学认知不可或缺,在新一代信息技术特别是人工智能快速发展、与行业发展深度融合的当下,两者必将相互加持、互馈增长。在实践中,水科学数据已在国家水网高质量建设发展中发挥出显著乘数效应,并快速大量积累。加快推进水科学数据体系构建,是挖掘和集聚数据要素新质生产力效能、赋能国家水安全、构筑发展新动能之时代必然,也是高水平开放合作、加快国际一流水科学数据创新发展、主动参与全球水治理之时代必需。讨论了水科学数据支撑和赋能国家水安全的时代背景,从水资源调配、水灾害防御、水工程建设运行、水生态保护等方面梳理了实践成就,提出构建水科学数据体系的发展定位及其在水资源优化配置、流域防洪减灾、水工程建设与安全运维、水生态系统保护治理方面的技术路径。Driven by big data and intelligent technologies,the paradigm of scientific research and the paths of technological development are rapidly evolving toward a data-driven approach.It is both necessary and urgent to promote the innovative development of water science data,accelerate the construction of a water science data system,and address challenges such as data integration and unification,quantity and quality,storage and management,analysis and application,policies and institutions,and interdisciplinary collaboration.The national water network,as a networked infrastructure and integrated carrier,ensures national water security.It is a complex giant system characterized by multiple attributes,multi-level structures,multi-dimensional carriers,diverse functions,and multi-level management.To meet the requirements of safe,green,intelligent,and integrated development,water science data and knowledge are indispensable.In the context of rapid advancements in next-generation information technologies,particularly artificial intelligence,and their deep integration with industry development,these elements will mutually enhance and reinforce each other.In practice,water science data has demonstrated a significant multiplier effect in the high-quality construction and development of the national water network and has accumulated rapidly and extensively.Accelerating the construction of a water science data system is an inevitable trend for harnessing and aggregating the new quality and productivity of data elements,empowering national water security,and driving new development momentum.It is also essential for high-level open cooperation,advancing the innovative development of internationally leading water science data,and actively participating in global water governance.This paper discusses the background in which water science data supports and empowers national water security,CHINA WATER RESOURCES 2024.23 summarizes practical achievements in water allocation,disaster prevention,water engineering construction and operation,

关 键 词：水科学数据 数智技术 国家水网 水安全 水科学数据体系 数据驱动 

分 类 号：TV274[水利工程]