如何呈现诗体史:许学夷《诗源辩体》的理论架构  

How to Present the History of Poetic Style:The Theoretical Framework of Xu Xueyi's Probe into the Origin and Styles of Poetry

作　　者：熊湘 杨晖 XIONG Xiang;YANG Hui

机构地区：[1]江南大学人文学院,江苏无锡214000

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期30-43,123,共15页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金重点项目“许学夷《诗源辩体》的原创性研究”(项目编号:21ZWA003)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：《诗源辩体》的编撰充分体现了许学夷的诗体史观。该书以朝代为一级分类,折射出许学夷在“体不可分”思想下兼顾正变的诗学意图,以及通过“以代命体”标举复古主张,树立正确学诗路径的动机。《诗源辩体》编撰过程中,许学夷有意识地将自己的辩体之论与理学辩意之论相切割,维持诗歌内部研究的立场,为学诗设立准入门槛,对中晚明“重文”思潮做了积极的回应。同时又极力避免“法”的泛滥,提倡“得其大体”,进而确立“体”的诗学地位。在晚明诗论史上,《诗源辩体》在理论和形式的体系化方面做了积极尝试,但它依旧属于笔记体著述,其零散繁杂的形态暗含着许学夷对传统诗学“以神合神”境界的追寻,这使得笔记体著述体系不够严整的问题得以化解。The compilation of Probe into the Origin and Styles of Poetry fully reflects Xu Xueyi's views on the history of poetry style.The book categorizes the poems with dynasties as the primary category,reflecting Xu Xueyi's poetic intention of balancing norm and mutation under the idea of"inseparable literary style",as well as the motivation to establish a correct path for learning poetry by using"naming literary styles according to the times to promote retro ideas.In the process of compiling Probe into the Origin and Styles of Poetry,Xu Xueyi consciously separated his theory of probing into the styles from the Neo Confucianism's theory of probing into the meaning,maintained the position of internal research in poetry,set an entry threshold for learning poetry,and made a positive response to the"emphasis on literature"trend in the mid to late Ming Dynasty.At the same time,he also made every effort to avoid the proliferation of"rule"and advocated"grasping the main aspects of literary style",thereby establishing the poetic status of"style".In the history of poetry theory in the late Ming Dynasty,Probe into the Origin and Styles of Poetry made active attempts to systematize theory and form,while it still belonged to the note taking style of writing.Its scattered and complex form implied Xu Xueyi's pursuit of the traditional poetic realm of"heart to heart communication",which resolved the problem of the insufficient rigor of the system of note taking works.

关 键 词：《诗源辩体》 许学夷 复古 体系化 笔记体 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]