西部民族地区脱贫人口生计韧性的测度与评价  

Measurement and Evaluation of Livelihood Resilience of Poverty-stricken Population in Western Ethnic Areas

作　　者：黄静[1] 韩松言 HUANG Jing;HAN Song-yan(School of Public Administration,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学公共管理学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期50-60,共11页Journal of South China Agricultural University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71974139)。

摘　　要：基于西部民族地区脱贫人口生计发展的现实状况,以生计资本韧性、生计环境韧性、生计策略韧性三大要素构建西部民族地区脱贫人口生计韧性评价体系,运用BP神经网络和因子分析相结合的方法,对凉山彝族自治州17个县(市)中1786户稳定脱贫人口和171户脱贫监测人口的生计韧性水平进行综合测度并进行对比性分析。研究发现:样本地区脱贫人口生计韧性整体较为适中,但区域之间、区域内部不同类型脱贫人口的生计韧性强度存在差异;生计资本韧性是影响样本区域脱贫人口整体生计韧性最重要的影响因素,其中资金资本韧性较低是两类脱贫人口均要面临的主要脆弱性风险。相对于稳定脱贫人口而言,监测脱贫人口的物质资本韧性较差,但自然资本韧性较强;相较于监测脱贫人口而言,样本区域稳定脱贫人口的市场环境韧性较低,但政策环境韧性较高;样本区域稳定脱贫人口的生计策略韧性整体高于受监测脱贫人口,前者生产经营韧性较高,后者迁移发展韧性较高。Based on the reality of the livelihood development of the poverty-stricken population in the western ethnic areas,an evaluation system for the livelihood resilience of the poverty-stricken population in the western ethnic areas is constructed with three major factors:livelihood capital resilience,livelihood environment resilience,and livelihood strategy resilience.BP neural network and factor analysis are combined,we comprehensively measured and compared the livelihood resilience level of 1786 stable poverty alleviation households and 171 monitored poverty alleviation households in 17 counties(cities)of Liangshan Prefecture.The results show that:the overall resilience of the poverty-stricken population in the sample areas is moderate,but there are differences in the resilience of different types of poverty-stricken population between and within regions;Livelihood capital resilience is the most important factor affecting the overall livelihood resilience of the poverty-stricken population in the sample regions,and low capital resilience is the main vulnerability risk faced by both types of poverty-stricken population.Compared with the stable poverty alleviation population,the physical capital resilience of the monitored poverty alleviation population is poor,but the natural capital resilience is stronger.Compared with the monitored poverty-alleviation population,the livelihood resilience of the stable poverty-alleviation population in the sample region of the market environment is lower,but the resilience of the policy environment is higher.The livelihood strategy resilience of the stable poverty-stricken population in the sample region is generally higher than that of the monitored poverty-stricken population.The former has higher production and management resilience,while the latter has higher migration and development resilience.

关 键 词：西部民族地区 脱贫人口 生计韧性 返贫风险预防 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济]