数字时代“人”之法学概念的调整  

Adjustment of the Legal Concept of “Humans” in the Digital Age

作　　者：程迈 Cheng Mai

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学涉外法治研究院

出　　处：《人权》2024年第6期41-67,共27页Human Rights

基　　金：江西省社会科学“十四五”(2022年)基金一般项目“优化法治营商环境视野下行刑交叉案件不予追究刑事责任机制研究”(项目编号:22FX15D)项目资助。

摘　　要：传统法学中的人被定义为有尊严的理性人,即具有自我选择决定能力的主体。个人在国家之中生活,国家的主要任务是为了人实践自己理性提供便利条件。进入数字时代之后,个人自治空间越来越难以维持,在个人与国家的二元结构中解读人的概念日益缺乏周延性,人类也正在看似失去对理性的垄断拥有地位,这些新时代现象使得传统的人的法学概念面临着解释力日益不足的窘境,从中产生出对人的概念进行调整的需求。在调整过程中,应当放弃人类中心主义的技术观,促进人类社会与技术系统的和谐共生关系,充分接纳数字时代的各种新社会生活领域与现象,在扬弃功利主义的理性观的同时更加重视和保护人的情感需求,并发展数字时代的人权体系。In traditional jurisprudence,humans are defined as rational individuals with dignity,in other words,subjects with the ability to make their own choices and decisions.Individuals live in a state and the state's main task is to provide convenient conditions for them to practice their rationality.After entering the digital age,it is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain individual autonomy.The interpretation of the concept of humans in the dichotomy of individuals and the state increasingly lacks comprehensiveness.Human beings are seemingly losing their monopoly on rationality.These phenomena in the new age have caused the traditional legal concept of humans to face the dilemma of increasingly insufficient explanatory power,which has given rise to the need to adjust the concept of humans.In the process of adjustment,we shall abandon the anthropocentric view of technology to promote the harmonious coexistence between human society and technological systems and fully accept various new aspects and phenomena of social life in the digital age.In addition to the sublation of the rational view of utilitarianism,we shall pay more attention to and protect human emotional needs while developing a human rights system in the digital age.

关 键 词：数字时代 人的尊严 理性 人类中心主义 数字人权 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论] D912.7[政治法律—法学]