基于超微型侧视光学相干断层成像内窥探针的静脉穿刺指示系统  

Venipuncture indication system based on an ultra-miniature side-view optical coherence tomography endoscopic probe

作　　者：万莎 黄兹好 Wan Sha;Huang Zihao(Experimental Teaching and Engineering Training Center,South-Central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学实验教学与工程训练中心,武汉430074 [2]仲恺农业工程学院机电工程学院,广州510225

出　　处：《国际生物医学工程杂志》2024年第5期430-435,共6页International Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金-博士启动纵向协同项目(2018A030310130)。

摘　　要：目的设计一款基于超微型侧视光学相干断层成像(OCT)内窥探针的静脉穿刺指示系统,实现对静脉注射针顶端周围组织的即时扫描成像,继而根据成像结果判断静脉注射针是否已刺入血管,从而实现静脉穿刺指示。方法制作全光纤侧视探头,将该探头置入加长的30G皮下注射针的针干中制成超微型侧视OCT内窥探针。将内窥探针插入静脉注射针针干中,并让探针顶端探出注射针针干,使探针能够在旋转套环的驱动下对注射针顶端周围的组织进行扫描成像。使用小鼠血液和非血液组织(骨骼肌和肝脏)进行成像实验,以验证系统功能。结果血液除在靠近内窥探针扫描窗口(即图像顶端)位置有微弱的OCT信号之外,其余大部分位置均不产生OCT信号;且随着成像深度的增加,其产生的OCT信号强度会快速衰减,在距离扫描窗口300~400μm深度处,OCT信号已经几乎完全消失。骨骼肌的图像中出现了较强的OCT信号。其信号强度随着成像深度的增加而衰减,但在距离扫描窗口超过900μm深度的位置处,仍然存在较为明显的OCT信号;骨骼肌内部的OCT信号强度分布很不均匀,嵌入在骨骼肌中的结缔组织呈现出比周围骨骼肌更强的OCT信号,而在骨骼肌内部位于肌纤维束之间的空隙处几乎没有OCT信号。肝脏组织的图像中出现了较强的OCT信号,该信号随成像深度增加而出现的衰减更为明显,在距离扫描窗口600~700μm处,OCT信号已经几乎完全消失;肝脏组织内部图像中的OCT信号强度分布较为均匀。结论所设计的静脉穿刺指示系统能够通过内窥探针对注射针顶端周围组织进行即时成像并迅速、明确地判断注射针是否已刺入血管,为临床静脉穿刺提供了更加可靠的指示技术。Objective To develop a venipuncture indication system based on an ultra-miniature side-view optical coherence tomography(OCT)endoscopic probe.This system enables real-time scanning and imaging of the tissue around the tip of the intravenous needle,which is used to determine whether the intravenous needle has penetrated the blood vessel.Methods An ultra-miniature side-view OCT needle probe was fabricated and placed into the stem of an elongated 30G hypodermic needle to make the OCT endoscopic probe.The endoscopic probe was inserted into the stem of an intravenous needle and the tip of the probe was allowed to probe out of the intravenous needle.This allows the OCT endoscopic probe to be driven by the rotating collar to scan and image the tissue around the tip of the intravenous needle.Imaging experiments were performed using mouse blood and non-blood tissues(skeletal muscle and liver)to verify system function.Results Blood did not produce OCT signals at most locations except for a weak OCT signal at locations near the scanning window of the endoscope probe(i.e.,the top of the image).The intensity of the OCT signal generated by it decayed rapidly with the increase in imaging depth.At a depth of 300-400μm from the scanning window,the OCT signal has almost completely disappeared.Strong OCT signals appeared in the images of skeletal muscle.Its signal intensity decayed with the increase of imaging depth,but a more obvious OCT signal could be observed at a depth of more than 900μm from the scanning window.The distribution of OCT signal intensity within skeletal muscle was very heterogeneous.The connective tissue embedded in the skeletal muscle showed stronger OCT signals than the surrounding skeletal muscle,while there was almost no OCT signal in the muscle at the spaces located between the muscle fiber bundles.A strong OCT signal was observed in the images of liver tissue.The attenuation of this signal with increasing imaging depth was more pronounced.At a distance of 600-700μm from the scanning window,the OCT signa

关 键 词：静脉穿刺 内窥探针 光学相干断层成像 静脉注射 

分 类 号：TH77[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]