法律如何因应科技:审思与前瞻  

How Does Law Respond to Technology:Reflection and Prospect

作　　者：左卫民[1] ZUO Weimin

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院

出　　处：《中国法律评论》2024年第6期1-13,共13页China Law Review

摘　　要：当代中国法律实践与法学论域中,法律如何应对科技革命无疑是一个新兴的前沿问题。纵观人类历史,法律与科技的关系大致经历了从分离走向关联的变迁。整体上,当下各国的相关法律实践大致存在控制式的积极规制与保障式的有限回应两种模式。鉴于法律系统与科技系统的本质差异性,法律对科技的掌握一般既不深刻,也不全面,很可能以固有的法律理念来狭隘看待科技的发展,进而对其过早规制、不当规制,影响相关科技变革与社会应用。对此,需在明确法律调整的对象主要是科技应用而非科技本身的基础上,警惕法律干预主义的误区与局限。一方面,在实践中坚持稳健的法治观,划定底线,有所为有所不为;另一方面,还应采取一种“促进型规制”的立场,科学引导,积极构建新时代的科技法治体系。In the context of contemporary Chinese legal practice and the field of legal theory,how law copes with the technological revolution is undoubtedly a new and cutting-edge issue.Looking at human history as a whole,the relationship between law and technology has generally experienced a transition from separation to connection.Generally speaking,at present,relevant legal practices in various countries roughly fall into two models:active regulation and limited response.Given the essential differences between the legal system and the technological system,the legal system generally has neither a deep nor a comprehensive understanding of technology.It is very likely to view the development of technology narrowly from inherent legal concepts,thus leading to premature or improper regulation and affecting relevant technological changes and social applications.In this regard,on the basis of clarifying that the object adjusted by law is the application of technology rather than technology itself,we should be vigilant about the misunderstandings and limitations of legal interventionism.On the one hand,we should adhere to a sound view of the rule of law in practice,draw a bottom line,and know what to do and what not to do;on the other hand,we should also adopt a stance of"promotion-oriented regulation",provide scientific guidance,and actively build a legal system for science and technology in the new era.

关 键 词：科技创新 法律变革 法律与科技 数字法治 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] D910[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]