粉末床熔融-反应烧结碳化硅复合材料制备与吸波性能研究  

Study on Preparation and Absorption Properties of Silicon Carbide Composites by Powder Bed Fusion-Reaction Sintering

作　　者：王长顺 杨庆春 胡雨梦 由化营 闫春泽[1,2,3] 史玉升[1,2,3] WANG Changshun;YANG Qingchun;HU Yumeng;YOU Huaying;YAN Chunze;SHI Yusheng(Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Engineering Research Center of Ceramic Materials for Additive Manufacturing,Ministry of Education,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学,武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室,武汉430074 [3]华中科技大学增材制造陶瓷材料教育部工程研究中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2024年第19期92-101,共10页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金航天先进制造技术研究联合基金(U2037203)。

摘　　要：本文通过高速搅拌制备了适用于粉末床3D打印的酚醛包覆原料,采用粉末床熔融制备了碳化硅和碳纤维坯体,并结合后续浸渍增密和反应烧结获得了分别含碳化硅粉末和碳纤维粉末的两种碳化硅复合材料。对比研究了两种材料的微观形貌、物相特征及力学性能,并对其介电参数进行了系统分析,通过计算得到了吸波性能。结果表明,碳纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料具备更优异的力学性能和吸波性能,其抗弯强度达到了(289±22.4)MPa,体积密度为(2.69±0.05)g/cm^(3),开孔率低至0.472%。当材料厚度为2.77 mm时,CF-S复合材料的最小反射损耗(RL_(min))值在11.14 GHz处达到了-40.7 dB;当厚度增加至6 mm时,RL_(min)值在5.77 GHz处达到了-35.1 dB。该材料可以在高温氧化工况下维持良好的吸波性能。研究结果为吸波-结构一体化碳化硅复合材料构件的制备提供了技术和理论支撑。In this study,the phenolic coating material suitable for powder bed 3D printing was prepared by highspeed stirring.The silicon carbide and carbon fiber green parts were then produced through powder bed fusion.Two types of silicon carbide composite materials containing silicon carbide powder and carbon fiber were obtained through subsequent impregnation and densification or reaction sintering processes.The microstructures,phase characteristics,mechanical properties,and permittivities of the two materials were compared in order to analyze their wave-absorbing properties via calculation.The results indicate that carbon fiber/silicon carbide composite has better mechanical properties and wave-absorbing properties with a bending strength reaching(289±22.4)MPa,bulk density of(2.69±0.05)g/cm^(3),porosity reaching 0.472%.When the composite thickness is 2.77 mm,the minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of CF-S composite reaches -40.7 dB at 11.14 GHz;when the thickness increased to 6 mm,the RL_(min) value reaches -35.1 dB at 5.77 GHz.The composite maintains good wave-absorbing performance under high temperature oxidation condition.These research findings provide technology and theory supports for the integrated wave-absorption-structure silicon carbide composites.

关 键 词：粉末床熔融 反应烧结 碳化硅复合材料 吸波 结构-功能一体化 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]