体育伦理的基础理论问题探讨  

Basic Theories on Ethics in Sport

作　　者：唐代兴[1] TANG Daixing(Institute of Ethics,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,Sichuan,China2024)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学伦理学研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《上海体育大学学报》2024年第12期1-11,59,共12页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(19FZXB025)。

摘　　要：体育的伦理问题在体育实践中涌现,但解决体育伦理问题的认知视域、知识基础、根本原理和基本方法蕴含在“体育”之中,而“体育”的依据源于人的两次“出生”。首先,分析physical education、sport与“體育”的内涵,揭明求“乐”乃属后起义,自然发育或养育只是其生存语义,“体育”的本义是生、生育。继之分析体育伦理的存在论根源、生存论动力和实践论方向:首先,体育既发生于人“两脚走路,两手做事”,又成为推动人从脚向手进化的基本方式。因为两脚与两手界限分明的功能构筑起文明的永恒张力,这一张力落实于体育,就是它始终成为如何将自然人类学的身体培育成为文化人类学的身体的事业。其次,生之本性规定人的身体生命化,生命化的身体活动始终呈具身性质,身体的具身性要求以“生”为本质规定的体育必须具身化。体育的具身化就是按照生命本性的方式培育身体,激活身体对心智(心商、情商、智商)的统摄潜能,释放身心协调的生生张力。再次,体育的实践论方向就是卫生身心,即顺纳时变,节制利欲,完全人格和健全精神,强健新生地无疾病存在和健康生活。The ethical issues of sports emerge in the practice,but the cognitive vision,basic knowledge,fundamental principles and methods to solve the issues are embedded in"physical education",and the basis of"physical education"originates from the two births of human beings.First of all,the connotation of physicaleducation,sport and"體育"are analyzed,revealing that"pleasure"is a later meaning,and natural development ornurturing is only its survival semantics,while its original meaning is birth and fertility.Following this,theexistential roots,dynamics and practical directions of sport ethics are explored:Firstly,physical education occurswhen people"walk on two feet and do something with two hands",and it becomes the basic way to promote theevolution of people from feet to hands.Because the function of the two feet and the two hands,which are clearlydelineated,constructs the eternal tension of civilization,this force is implemented in physical education,which isalways the cause of how to cultivate the natural anthropological body into a cultural anthropological body.Secondly,the nature of life stipulates the vitalization of the human body,and the vitalized physical activity isalways embodied,and the embodied nature of the body requires the embodiment of sport,which has"life"as itsessence.The embodiment of sport is to cultivate the body according to the way of life nature,to activate the body'spotential to unify the mind(mental,emotional and intellectual),and to release the tension of physical and mentalharmony.Thirdly,the practical orientation of physical education is to make the body and mind healty,i.e.,toconform to the changes of the times,to abstain from lucrative desires,to complete the personality and soundness ofthe spirit,and to exist and live healthily without disease in a strong and newborn way.

关 键 词：体育伦理 人的出生 生育 具身性 心智 卫生身心 强健新生 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]