算法辅助法律解释的规范性构建  

Normative Construction of Algorithm Aided Legal Interpretation

作　　者：费凯学 FEI Kaixue(Law School,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范大学法学院,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2024年第4期49-60,共12页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

基　　金：2022年度伊犁师范大学提升学科综合实力专项一般项目“中华优秀传统法律文化‘大一统思想’阐释”(22XKSY11)。

摘　　要：算法技术的迅猛发展使算法辅助法律解释成为可能,相较于传统之法律解释方法,算法辅助法律解释可演进出以读取规则存在意义为核心的感知解释、以展示规则后果实效为核心的动态解释以及以理解规则关联反思为核心的归约解释。算法辅助法律解释之规范性构建,同样面临新法律解释方法间的效力冲突问题。在方法运用的选择上,感知解释中数据运算与规范价值间的张力有可能倒向轻率决断;动态解释中预测模型的过度使用存在技术主义至上的隐患;归约解释亦需要避免法律解释中法律原则与法律规则的适用争议。算法辅助法律解释规范性的实现,需要融贯考量算法辅助法律解释各方法的使用限度。在司法实践场景中应优先使用感知解释方法,完善理性司法下的技术供给;动态解释着重于进行后果考量因而应当次于感知解释使用;当感知解释与动态解释的使用面临艰难抉择时,应以归约解释作为调和工具,寻得个案中法律解释者对解释方法使用的共识。The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology and algorithmic technology makes algorithm ai-ded legal interpretation possible.Following the idea of drawing the form from the normative text of legal provisions to the symbolic language that can be processed,handled and applied by algorithms,introducing Peirce’s symbolic theoretical system,as well as referring to the computer modal language,the algorithm aided legal interpretation,compared with the traditional legal interpretation,can evolve into the perceptual interpretation centered on the read-ing of the meaning of the rules,the dynamic interpretation centered on the demonstration of the consequences of the rules,and the reductive interpretation centered on the reflection of the understanding of the association of the rules.The normative construction of algorithm aided legal interpretation also faces the problem of conflict of effectiveness among new legal interpretation methods.In the choice of method,the tension between data operation and normative value in perceptual interpretation may lead to rash decision,the excessive use of predictive models in dynamic in-terpretation may potentially pose the hidden danger of technocratic supremacy,and reductive interpretation also needs to avoid the controversy between the application of legal principles and legal rules in legal interpretation.The realization of the normative nature of algorithm aided legal interpretation requires a coherent consideration of the limits of the use of various methods of algorithm aided legal interpretation.The judiciary should constrain the use of algorithms in legal interpretation with human rationality,and establish a priority level of“perceptual interpretation-dynamic interpretation-reductive interpretation”with human rationality,to promote the legal interpreters to show their rational ability while obtaining technical support and optimize the procedures and results of algorithm aided le-gal interpretation.In judicial practice,the use of perceptual interpretation meth

关 键 词：司法人工智能 算法辅助法律解释 文义解释 后果论证 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论]