企业数据复合确权模式的理论证成与保护路径探究  

Theoretical Evidence and Protection Path Exploration of Enterprise Data Composite Rights Enforcement Model

作　　者：姚绍韡 饶智刚 YAO Shaowei;RAO Zhigang(National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya),Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572000,Hainan;Biotechnology Research Institute,CAAS,Beijing 100081;School of Marxism,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院,海南三亚572000 [2]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081 [3]贵州民族大学马克思主义学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《陕西理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期8-18,共11页Journal of Shaanxi University of Technology(Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(24BFX070)。

摘　　要：加快数据确权制度的构建与完善,对于促进我国数字经济持续健康发展、社会主义市场经济体制不断完善具有重要的现实意义。单一的企业数据确权模式存在难以自圆其说的理论困境,无法满足不同企业数据的保护与利用需求。而企业数据复合确权模式在强调企业数据财产权益保护的同时,兼顾不同企业数据所承载的不同数据主体利益,可以有效保护不同企业数据的权益。根据数据内容来源与处理阶段的不同,可将企业数据分为企业原生数据及其相应衍生数据、企业数据集合、企业数据产品。依据劳动赋权理论与法人人格理论,对于企业原生数据及其相应衍生数据,可采用所有权保护模式;基于非创造性与“作品相关”性,对于企业数据集合可采用邻接权保护模式;基于独创性和可复制性,对于企业数据产品可采用著作权保护模式。针对不同的数据类型采用不同的复合数据确权模式,以此加强企业数据财产利益的周延保护,促进数据产权制度的构建与完善。Accelerating the establishment and improvement of a data property rights system is of significant practical importance for promoting the sustainable and healthy development of China’s digital economy and enhancing the socialist market economy framework.A single-mode approach to corporate data property rights faces theoretical challenges that makes it difficult to fully address the diverse needs for data protection and utilization across different enterprises.In contrast,a composite corporate data property rights model emphasizes the protection of corporate data property rights while also accommodating the varied interests associated with different types of enterprise data,thereby effectively safeguarding their data rights.Based on the source of data content and processing stages,enterprise data can be categorized into original enterprise data and its corresponding derivative data,enterprise data sets,and enterprise data products.Under labor empowerment theory and corporate personality theory,ownership protection can be applied to original enterprise data and its derivatives.For enterprise data sets,an adjacent rights protection model can be used,given their non-creativity and relation to“work-like”characteristics.For enterprise data products,a copyright protection model is applicable,given their originality and replicability.Adopting differentiated composite data property rights models for different data types strengthens the comprehensive protection of corporate data property interests,fostering the establishment and improvement of a data property rights system.

关 键 词：企业数据确权 复合确权模式 所有权 著作权 邻接权 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]