我国未成年人检察公益诉讼的受案范围与诉权边界  

The Scope of Cases Accepted and the Boundary of Litigation Rights of Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation for Minors in China

作　　者：师范 马小花[1] 孙翼 常晓虎 SHI Fan;MA Xiaohua;SUN Yi;CHANG Xiaohu(School of Economic,Management and Law,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,Shaanxi;Lueyang County People’s Procuratorate,Hanzhong 724300,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学经济管理与法学学院,陕西汉中723000 [2]陕西省略阳县人民检察院,陕西汉中724300

出　　处：《陕西理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期19-27,共9页Journal of Shaanxi University of Technology(Social Science)

基　　金：陕西省略阳县人民检察院委托项目(H20230174)。

摘　　要：2020年修订的《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》第一百零六条明确赋予了检察机关未成年人公益诉讼起诉权,旨在构建未成年人私益与公益诉讼双轨保护格局,为未成年人公共利益保护和长远发展提供制度保障。在司法实践中,应合理界定未成年人检察公益诉讼的受案范围,准确理解“未成年人的公共利益”“公共利益受损”的相关内涵,一切关乎未成年人“身、心、情、意、志”的现实利益与发展利益均应界定为未成年人的利益,以最大限度地保护未成年人的合法权益。应合理把握未成年人检察公益诉讼的诉权边界,既要基于维护社会公益,积极履行法律监督职责,又要把握好职责界限,防止盲目扩张诉权。当未成年人公共利益受损时,检察机关应积极履行其提起公益诉讼之职责;当未成年人合法权益受到侵害,但并未涉及公共利益时,检察机关应履行其督促、支持提起诉讼之职责;当依靠行政手段即可维护未成年人利益时,检察机关应当监督、督促有关机关依法履职。Article 106 of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Minors revised for the second time in 2020 clearly endows procuratorial organs with the right to sue in public interest litigation for minors,aiming to build a dual-track protection pattern of private and public interest litigation for minors,and provide institutional guarantees for the protection and long-term development of the public interests of minors.In judicial practice,the scope of cases accepted in procuratorial public interest litigation for minors should be reasonably defined,and the relevant connotations of“the public interests of minors”and“damaged public interests”should be accurately understood.All realistic and developmental interests related to minors’“body,mind,emotion,will,and aspiration”should be defined as the interests of minors to maximize the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of minors.The boundary of litigation rights in procuratorial public interest litigation for minors should be reasonably grasped.We should not only actively perform legal supervision duties based on safeguarding social public interests,but also grasp the boundaries of duties and prevent blind expansion of litigation rights.When the public interests of minors are damaged,they should actively perform their duties of filing lawsuits.When the interests of minors can be safeguarded by administrative means,procuratorial organs should supervise and urge relevant organs to perform their duties.When the legitimate rights and interests of minors are violated but public interests are not involved,procuratorial organs should perform their duties of urging and supporting the filing of lawsuits.

关 键 词：未成年人 检察公益诉讼 公共利益 受案范围 诉权边界 

分 类 号：D922.7[政治法律—法学]