航空发动机单晶高温合金涡轮转子叶片增材修复技术研究进展  

Research progress in additive manufacturing for repair technology of single crystal superalloy turbine rotor blades for aero-engine

作　　者：秦仁耀 曲致奇 陈冰清 孙兵兵 张学军 张国会 QIN Renyao;QU Zhiqi;CHEN Bingqing;SUN Bingbing;ZHANG Xuejun;ZHANG Guohui(3D Printing Research&Engineering Technology Center,AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发北京航空材料研究院3D打印研究与工程技术中心,北京100095

出　　处：《材料工程》2024年第12期1-14,共14页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(J2019-Ⅶ-0010-0150)。

摘　　要：单晶高温合金涡轮转子叶片是航空发动机的核心热端部件之一,对航空发动机的推力和性能具有决定作用,其服役损伤增材修复技术是航空装备特种加工领域最具挑战的工作之一。本文系统梳理了航空发动机单晶高温合金涡轮转子叶片的增材修复工艺方法及其应用进展;针对单晶合金增材修复中易产生的热裂纹缺陷问题,从热裂纹形成机理、关键影响因素和控制措施等角度进行了归纳;总结了单晶合金增材修复组织及性能的研究进展。在此基础上,展望了单晶高温合金涡轮转子叶片增材修复的未来发展方向,指出单晶合金修复专用合金材料成分设计、新工艺开发和基于深度学习的多目标协同优化是此领域未来的重要研究方向。Single crystal superalloy turbine rotor blade is one of the core hot-end components of the aeroengine,which has a decisive role in the thrust and performance of the aero-engine.Additive manufacturing for repair technology is one of the most challenging tasks in the special machining of aviation equipment.In this paper,the repair processes and their application for single crystal superalloy turbine rotor blades were systematically reviewed.Aiming at the problems of hot cracking defect,the cracking formation mechanism,key influencing factors,and control methods were summarized.In addition,the research progress in microstructure and mechanical properties of single crystal superalloys repaired by additive manufacturing technology are summed up.Furthermore,the prospective developing direction of single crystal superalloy turbine rotor blade repair is indicated.Specific filler material composition design,new process development,and multi-objective collaborative optimization based on deep learning are considered to be important future research directions.

关 键 词：单晶高温合金 涡轮转子叶片 航空发动机 增材修复 热裂纹 杂晶 

分 类 号：TB31[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG441[金属学及工艺—焊接]