藏北高寒草甸土壤线虫群落经度地带性  

A study on the longitudinal zonal distribution pattern of soil nematode communities in alpine meadows of the northern Tibet

作　　者：侯磊[1] 葛佳存 赵刚 蒋抒妤 严美书 肖蓓佳 HOU Lei;GE Jiacun;ZHAO Gang;JIANG Shuyu;YAN Meishu;XIAO Beijia(Resources&Environmental College,Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院,林芝860000

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第23期10838-10849,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然基金(32360373);西藏农牧学院创新人才队伍建设项目(XZNMXYRCXM-2024-07);西藏农牧学院青年基金(NYQNKY2023-05)。

摘　　要：为了解土壤线虫群落在藏北高原的经度格局,选取藏北高原高寒草甸为研究区,采用高通量测序技术检测和分析土壤线虫群落多样性、结构与功能特征随经度由西向东的变化规律,同时分析可能的环境因子。结果表明,随着经度由西向东,土壤有机质及氮、磷、钾等土壤养分含量有增多趋势,同时土壤重金属含量也逐渐增多。土壤线虫多样性(sobs,chao)也有一定的增多趋势。土壤线虫群落结构在采样区域靠近藏北高原中心城市区域(67 km范围内)较为相似,距离城市较远区域(67 km以外)则差异较大。土壤食物网有机质分解以细菌途径为主,并且PPI/MI和SI(结构指数)能较好的预测土壤线虫群落受干扰的状况。这些结果很好的证明了:藏北高寒草甸由西向东的水热条件变化调控了植物群落,进而通过植物生产影响土壤有机质及养分等土壤营养资源状况,而土壤营养资源状况则深刻影响土壤线虫群落多样性。此外,土壤线虫群落结构与功能除受到土壤营养资源状况的影响外,还主要受到距离藏北高原中心城市远近的影响,即人为干扰的强弱改变着土壤线虫群落结构与功能。藏北高原作为全球平均海拔最高的地区,对环境变化及干扰十分敏感,无论是气候变化还是人为干扰,甚至相对较弱的人为干扰,均能够对土壤线虫群落结构与功能产生影响。In order to elucidate the longitudinal distribution of soil nematode communities across the northern Tibetan Plateau,a study was conducted focusing on the alpine meadow ecosystem of this region.Utilizing high-throughput sequencing technology,we examined and analyzed how the diversity,structure,and functional traits of soil nematode communities vary longitudinally from west to east.Concurrently,potential environmental factors were assessed.The findings indicated that there is a noticeable trend of increasing soil organic matter and nutrient levels,including nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium.Additionally,the concentration of heavy metals in the soil also shows a gradual increase.The diversity indices of soil nematodes,such as the observed species richness(sobs)and the estimated species richness(chao),exhibit a tendency to rise.The community structure of soil nematodes revealed a higher degree of similarity in areas closer to the central urban regions of the northern Tibetan Plateau(within 67 km),whereas significant differences were observed in regions more distant from the urban centers(beyond 67 km).The soil food web′s organic matter decomposition predominantly favors the bacterial pathway,and the index of PPI/MI and structure index(SI)were found to be reliable predictors of the disturbance levels within soil nematode communities.These findings underscore the role of hydrothermal conditions in the alpine meadows of the northern Tibetan Plateau,which shift from west to east,regulating plant communities and,in turn,influencing the availability of soil nutrients through plant productivity.The status of these soil nutrients profoundly impacts the diversity of soil nematode communities.Moreover,the structure and functionality of these communities are not solely dependent on soil nutrient conditions but are also significantly affected by the proximity to urban centers on the plateau,reflecting the varying degrees of human-induced disturbances.The northern Tibetan Plateau,recognized for its high average altitude,is hig

关 键 词：土壤线虫 经度 高寒草甸 人为干扰 青藏高原 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]