“竹马”考  

A Textual Research on“Bamboo Horse”

作　　者：刘田 葛红丽 LIU Tian;GE Hong-li(North West University,College of Arts,Xi’an 710127,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学文学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《竹子学报》2024年第3期88-92,共5页Journal of Bamboo Research

摘　　要：“竹马”一词直接来源于“骑竹马”游戏,后经文人入诗而与“青梅”固定为成语。受地域限制,北方地区实际为大量“骑树马”行为,但“竹”“马”却始终在语言中紧密结合。这种语言现象反映出中国古代深厚的竹、马文化背景。该文主要依据文献记载和出土实物,分析竹、马的共同文化指向,以及儿童“骑竹马”游戏的模仿依据和材料来源。认为竹与马存在共同的龙文化背景,古代驾马持“竹”的骑兵作战方式是“骑竹马”游戏的直接模仿对象,而竹在人们生产生活的广泛使用更是为儿童游戏提供了直接方便的材料来源。儿童以竹代马的“骑竹马”游戏,与后代文人选“竹马”意象入文都不是偶然,而是竹在古代生活中的广泛应用与竹、马作为重要备战材料的反映,也是龙文化背景下的实物象征与龙崇拜的反映。The word“bamboo horse”comes directly from the game of“riding bamboo horses”,and was fixed as an idiom with“green plum”after the literati adopted it into the poem.Due to geographical limits,in the northern region of China,there were actually a large number of behaviors of“riding tree horses”,but“bamboo”and“horse”have always been closely integrated in the language,which reflects the profound cultural background of bamboo and horse in ancient China.Based on literature records and unearthed objects,this paper analyzes the common cultural orientation of bamboo and horse,as well as the imitation basis and material sources of children’s game of“riding bamboo horses”.It is believed that bamboo and horse have a common cultural background of dragon,and the ancient cavalry combat mode of riding bamboo is the direct imitation object of game of“riding bamboo horses”.The widespread use of bamboo in people’s production and life has provided a direct and convenient material source for children’s games.It is not an accident that children’s game of“riding bamboo horses”with bamboo instead of horses,and future generations’choice of the image of“bamboo horses”into the text,but a reflection of the extensive use of bamboo in ancient life as well as that bamboo and horses were important war materials,and also a reflection of the physical symbol and dragon worship under the background of dragon culture.

关 键 词：竹马 龙文化 竹器 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学] H13[语言文字—汉语]