听力损失的动物模型研究现状及展望  

Research status and future prospects of animal models of hearing loss

作　　者：刘泽萱 王鑫乐 郑曲 戴俭宇[1,2] LIU Zexuan;WANG Xinle;ZHENG Qu;DAI Jianyu(Liaoning University of Traditonal Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,China;Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Biology in Liaoning Provincial Department of Education,Shenyang 110847,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学,沈阳110847 [2]辽宁省教育厅针灸生物学重点实验室,沈阳110847

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》2024年第11期1463-1471,共9页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金面上项目(2024-MS-120)。

摘　　要：听力损失(hearing loss,HL)作为致病因素复杂、发病机制尚不明确的疾病,可以导致患者听力低下,严重影响患者的健康和生存质量。为了更好地探索听力损失发病机制,并为其治疗研究提供依据,建立出能够模拟人类听觉障碍的动物模型具有重要价值。现有经典的造模方法为药物注射,包含腹腔注射顺铂、庆大霉素、线粒体毒素、D-半乳糖、呋塞米和卡那霉素、新霉素以及先天性巨细胞病毒等;物理方式造模包含噪音、颈椎注射硬化剂、缺血再灌注、注射血管加压素等,此外还有基因改造技术等其他新颖造模方式。本文从上述听力损失造模方法优缺点的角度进行综述,希望能够为更加深入研究听力损失造模方式提供基础和依据。Hearing loss is a disease with complex pathogenic factors and unclear pathogenesis,which can seriously affect patient health and quality of life.There is thus a need for an animal model that can simulate human hearing loss,to allow research into the pathogenesis of hearing loss and provide a basis for its treatment.Existing classical modeling method involve drug injection,including intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin,gentamicin,mitochondrial toxin,D-galactose,furosemide and kanamycin,and neomycin,and congenital cytomegalovirus infection.Physical modeling method include noise,cervical spinal injection of sclerosing agent,ischemia reperfusion,and vasopressin injection.Other novel modeling method also exist,such as genetic modification.In this article,we review the advantages and disadvantages of the above modeling method,with the aim of providing a basis for further research on the modeling method of hearing loss.

关 键 词：听力损失 动物模型 造模方式 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]