大跨钢结构原型与不锈钢缩尺模型相似关系研究  

Study on Similarity Relationship between Large Span Steel Structure and Stainless Steel Scale Model

作　　者：苏斌 SU Bin(Fujian Boyork Architectural Design Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建博宇建筑设计有限公司,福建福州350003

出　　处：《北方建筑》2024年第6期32-35,110,共5页Northern Architecture

摘　　要：由于试验规模、场地尺寸、试验经费等因素的限制,大部分结构无法进行原结构的振动台试验,特别是对于大跨钢结构而言。几何相似比较小的大跨钢结构缩尺模型的杆件和节点尺寸较小,采用与原型结构相同材料加工制造存在困难。不锈钢材料易于加工,适合用来代替原型结构材料制作缩尺模型。然而,不锈钢与原型结构材料在力学性能上存在差异,其中屈服强度差异是设计不锈钢缩尺模型时面临的主要问题。因此,本文开展了关于不锈钢缩尺模型应力相似比研究。首先采用拟量纲法推导了考虑材料屈服强度差异的缩尺模型与原型结构之间的相似关系,得到了计算主要性能指标相似比的公式;然后采用Midas Gen软件建立网壳结构原型结构和不锈钢缩尺模型的有限元模型,并进行静力分析和自振特性分析以验证理论推导中相似比计算公式的合理性。本文可为不锈钢缩尺模型设计提供理论参考。Due to factors such as the test scale,site size,and test funding,most structures are unable to conduct vibration table tests on the original structure,especially for large-span steel structures.The size of the rods and joints of the scaled model of long-span steel structures with small geometric similarity is small,so it is difficult to use the same material as the prototype structural materials.Stainless steel materials are easy to process and suitable to replace prototype structural materials in making scaled models.However,there are differences in mechanical properties between stainless steel and prototype structural materials,and the difference in the yield strength is the main problem when designing stainless steel scale models.Therefore,this paper conducts research on the stress similarity ratio of stainless steel scale models.First,the quasi-dimensional method is used to deduce the similarity relationship between the scale model considering the difference in material yield strength and the prototype structure,and the formula for calculating the similarity ratio of main performance indicators is obtained.Then,using Midas Gen software,a finite element model of the prototype structure of the lattice shell and a stainless steel scaled model was established,and static analysis and natural vibration characteristics analysis was carried out to verify the rationality of the theoretical derivation of the similarity ratio calculation formula.This article can provide theoretical reference for the design of stainless steel scaled models.

关 键 词：大跨空间结构 缩尺模型 不锈钢 应力相似关系 屈服强度 

分 类 号：TU3[建筑科学—结构工程]