水泵水轮机抽水造压阶段无叶区压力脉动特性  

Pressure Fluctuation Characteristics in Vaneless Region of a Pump Turbine in the Pressurizing Phase of Pump Mode

作　　者：王海涛 陈善贵 康文喆 管子武 田鹏 连鹤龙 韩刘山 张政 WANG Hai-tao;CHEN Shan-gui;KANG Wen-zhe;GUAN Zi-wu;TIAN Peng;LIAN He-long;HAN Liu-shan;ZHANG Zheng(Anhui Jixi Pumped Storage Co.,Ltd.,Xuancheng 245300,Anhui Province,China;Dongfang Electric Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Deyang 618000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽绩溪抽水蓄能有限公司,安徽宣城245300 [2]东方电气集团东方电机有限公司,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第12期142-150,155,共10页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国网新源集团有限公司科技项目(SGXYKJ-2022-053)。

摘　　要：为探究水泵水轮机抽水造压期间机组压力脉动特性,以某原型水泵水轮机为研究对象,采用计算流体动力学方法,分别对两种典型启动流程抽水造压稳定状态时转轮与无叶区流态及压力脉动进行比较分析。结果表明:均压管开启时无叶区压力平均系数模拟值与试验值较为接近,相对偏差分别为2.738%与2.103%;当活动导叶在完全关闭状态下完成抽水造压时,转轮各叶间流道内均形成大尺度的失速漩涡,无叶区内呈现明显的“水环”流动特征,而当其在预开0.78°状态完成抽水造压时,转轮叶间流道内的流动较为平顺,仅在局部区域有小尺度的漩涡与堵塞;各测点处转轮叶片通过频率(10 f_(n))成分均较为明显,同时在0~10 f_(n)范围内存在较为丰富的频率成分,对无叶区压力脉动的影响较大;对活动导叶完全关闭的抽水造压过程而言,各测点处的压力脉动幅值明显高于预开状态,且由于均压管开启与否对无叶区流动及转轮通过流量的影响程度不同,在均压管开启后无叶区进口上冠处0~10f_(n)压力脉动峰峰值与10f_(n)对应幅值均高于均压管关闭情况。综合考虑启动流程中的压力脉动幅值以及活动导叶经历极小开度时的扭转自激振动稳定性,对高水头水泵水轮机而言,建议优先考虑活动导叶预开状态完成抽水造压的启动流程。To investigate the pressure pulsation characteristics of pump-turbine during the pressurizing phase,a prototype pump-turbine was taken as the research object.Comparative analysis was conducted for the flow regime and pressure pulsations of the runner and vaneless region of a prototype pump-turbine with two typical starting-up processes using Computational Fluid Dynamics methods.Results show that the average value of simulated pressure is close to the experimental value with the relative deviations of 2.738%and 2.103%,respectively,when employing the balance tube.It is also found that large-scale stall vortexes are formed in the inter-blade channels of the runner,while the flow characteristics with“water ring”is induced in vaneless region when the guide vane is closed during the pumping pressurizing phase.In contrast,when it is pre-opened at 0.78°to complete the pumping pressurizing phase,the flow in the inter-blade channels of the runner is relatively smooth with small-scale vortexes and partial blockages.Besides,the runner blade passing frequency(10 f_(n))is the primary compo‐nent at each measuring point.There are abundant frequency components in the range of 0~10 f_(n),which have lager influences on the pressure pulsation in vaneless region.For the pressurizing phase with closed guide vane,the amplitude of pressure pulsation at each measuring point is significantly higher than that in the pre-opening state.In addition,the peak-to-peak value of 0~10 f_(n)and the corresponding amplitude of 10 f_(n)on the upper crown of vaneless region are both higher when the pressure balance tube is employed,due to the different degrees of influence on the flow in vaneless region and the flow rate through runner.Taking into account the amplitude of pressure pulsations during the startup process,as well as the stability of self-excited torsional vibrations experienced by the guide vanes at extremely small opening,it is recommended for high-head pump-turbines to prioritize the startup process which completes the pumping pres

关 键 词：水泵水轮机 抽水造压 压力脉动 非定常流动 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TH318[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]