南水北调中线总干渠冰期充水控冰调度方式研究  

Research on the Dispatch Mode of Alleviating the Ice Condition By Water Inflow in the Main Canal of the Mid-route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

作　　者：孙卫军 管光华[2] 熊发京 郭兴涛 吴永妍 SUN Wei-jun;GUAN Guang-hua;XIONG Fa-jing;GUO Xing-tao;WU Yong-yan(China South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Corporation Limited,Beijing 100032,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;Power China Northwest of Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi′an 710065,Shaanxi Province,China;Changjiang Institute of Survey,Planning,Design and Research,Wuhan 430010,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国南水北调集团中线有限公司,北京100032 [2]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [3]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [4]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第12期200-210,219,共12页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3202504);国有资本金项目“南水北调工程关键技术攻关”(37500100000021G002)。

摘　　要：南水北调中线工程以明渠输水为主要的输水形式,沿线距离长、跨度大,渠道首尾气候差异较大。严寒低温会使得渠道内出现冰凌现象,给渠道的运行调度带来极大的挑战。而西黑山节制闸附近的雄安调蓄库的底层温水向渠道充水以提升渠道水温,给渠道冰情调控带来了新的思路。通过建立考虑旁侧温水入流的一维渠道冰水力学仿真模型,对温水入渠后渠道内的水温和冰情变化情况进行仿真研究。以京石段干渠为原型构建渠道模型,通过设置不同入流比例、入流温度、混合水量、入流时间工况,探索不同温水入流条件下渠道内的水温和冰盖厚度的沿程变化规律。结果表明:①采用离线水库充蓄缓解渠道冰情的思路基本可行,但调蓄库的来流对总干渠水温的影响主要在下游20km渠道内,越靠近下游的渠池受到的影响越小,且水温升高的滞后时间越长。②水库来流占比越高,对渠池的水温影响越显著。③水库来流温度越高,下游渠池水温的提升效果越明显,且冰盖持续时间明显缩短,但未能明显减小结冰范围。④混合流量越大,水温降低的速度越慢,出现冰盖的断面的越靠近下游。⑤实际调度时应结合气象预报,在冬季降温之前开始向渠道掺入温水,并持续整个低温期,以达到最好的冰情缓解效果。研究结果可为后续输水除冰方案的确定提供数据支持,为工程的可行性作合理参考,亦可对其他类似温度掺混问题计算模拟提供参照。The Mid-route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project mainly uses open channels for water transportation,with long distances and large spans along the route,and significant differences in climate between the ends of the channels.Low temperature can cause ice to ap‐pear in the channel,posing great challenges to the operation and scheduling of the channel.The bottom layer warm water of the Xiong’an res‐ervoir near the Xiheishan check gate is diverted into the channel to increase the channel water temperature,bringing new ideas for regulating the channel ice condition.This article establishes a one-dimensional channel ice hydraulic simulation model considering the inflow of warm water from the side,and conducts simulation research on the changes in water temperature and ice conditions inside the channel after warm water flow into the channel.The channel model was constructed based on the main canal of the Beijing-Shijiazhuang section as the prototype.By setting different inflow ratios,inflow temperatures,mixed discharges,and inflow times,the variation patterns of water temperature and ice cover thickness along the channel under different inflow conditions were explored.The results indicate that:①the idea of using offline reservoir charging to alleviate channel ice conditions is basically feasible,but the impact of the inflow from the regulating reservoir on the water temperature of the main channel is mainly within the downstream 20km channel.The closer the channel is to the downstream,the less af‐fected it is,and the longer the delay time of water temperature rise.②The higher the proportion of incoming water from the reservoir,the more significant the impact on the water temperature of the canal.③The higher the temperature of the inflow water from the reservoir,the more significant the effect of improving the water temperature of the downstream channel pool,and the duration of the ice cover is significant‐ly shortened,but the range of ice formation is not significantly reduced.④The larger the mix

关 键 词：冰期输水 充水控冰 南水北调中线 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV68[水利工程—水利水电工程]