Pre-breeding in Rice Development: Phenotypic-Genotypic Evaluation Associated with High Yield and Early Harvesting Traits  

作　　者：Alwa Widi Aisya Erlina Ambarwati Supriyanta Taufan Alam Rizky Pasthika Kirana I Gusti Komang Dana Arsana Vina Eka Aristya Ardian Elonard Purba Taryono 

机构地区：[1]Department of Agronomy,Faculty of Agriculture,Universitas Gadjah Mada,Yogyakarta,55281,Indonesia [2]National Research and Innovation Agency,Jakarta,10340,Indonesia

出　　处：《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》2024年第11期3073-3089,共17页国际实验植物学杂志（英文）

基　　金：The research for this article was fully funded by the National Research and Innovation Agency and the Indonesia Endowment Funds for Education(LPDP),Ministry of Finance through the Program Riset dan Inovasi untuk Indonesia Maju Gelombang 3 grant-in-aid scheme(No.12/II.7/HK/2023).

摘　　要：The breeding process involves developing techniques to create cultivars that thrive in the ever-changing global climate,allowing for early harvesting and high yield.This study aimed to screen rice genotypes with early harvest-ing and high yield to develop new-generation cultivars.The study was conducted in afield experiment at the Department of Agronomy,Faculty of Agriculture,Universitas Gadjah Mada,Special Region of Yogyakarta,Indo-nesia,from December 2022 to April 2023.Ten genotypes were laid out using an Augmented Randomized Com-plete Block Design(ARCBD)with three rows and six columns.The observations were macro and micro-climate,soil quality,and morphological traits of rice.Data were analyzed using a Linear Mixed Model(LMM),correlation matrix,heatmap cluster,Principal Component Analysis(PCA),PCA-Biplot,Multiple Factor Analysis(MFA),and circular cluster.The results provided information that the rice genotypes with the early harvesting genotypes were Inbrida M70D(95.01 days),Trisakti(100.98 days),and SR Super(104.76 days).Furthermore,the rice genotypes with the highest yields were Gamagora 2(49.82 g clump^(-1)),Gamagora 4(46.61 g clump^(-1)),Gamagora 7(37.26 g clump^(-1)),and Gamagora 10(29.84 g clump^(-1)).The genetic clustering based on Simple Sequence Repeat markers linked to earlyflowering genes indicates that SR Super and Inbrida M70D show the most distinct char-acteristics compared to other genotypes.Molecularfindings corroborate the morphological analysis,indicating that Inbrida M70D and SR Super are early harvesting genotypes,therefore they can be used this group of geno-types as cross-breeding material to obtain genotypes with early harvesting and high-yielding traits.

关 键 词：Early-harvesting HIGH-YIELDING microsatellite RICE 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]