PEMFC催化层疏水性对冷启动冰容量的影响  

Effect of hydrophobicity of catalytic layer on cold-start ice capacity of PEMFC

作　　者：薛坤鹏 周芬[2,3] 潘牧[1,2] XUE Kunpeng;ZHOU Fen;PAN Mu(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;Hubei key Laboratory of Fuel Cells,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学燃料电池湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [3]武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《电源技术》2024年第12期2469-2477,共9页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22209026)。

摘　　要：质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cells,PEMFCs)冷启动问题是制约其产业发展的重要因素之一,其中冰容量是衡量冷启动的一个重要指标,冰容量越大,冷启动性能越好。普遍认为冰容量只受阴极催化层和质子交换膜的储水量影响,而忽视了催化层排水量。提出催化层排水量也会对冰容量产生较大影响,并首次将冷启动期间催化层排水量纳入冰容量计算。结合试验数据和理论计算分析发现催化层排水量对冰容量的贡献甚至可以达到50%。利用疏水碳载体催化剂提高催化层疏水性,研究催化层疏水性对排水量和冰容量的影响。结果发现在−7℃下,疏水处理后的膜电极排水量增大引起的容量增加了0.75 mg/cm^(2),提升幅度达到了38.2%。这表明提升催化层疏水性、增加排水量可以提升冰容量,并且启动温度越高提升幅度越大。最后,冻融循环(F/T)测试表明疏水性高的催化层冰容量更加稳定。The cold start problem of PEMFC is an important factor restricting its development.The ice capacity is an important index to evaluate the cold start ability.The larger the ice capacity,the better the cold start performance.It is generally believed that the ice capacity is only affected by the water storage of the cathode CL(catalyst layer)and the PEM,while the drainage of CL is ignored.This paper clearly proposed that the drainage of CL will also have a greater impact on ice capacity.And the drainage of CL during cold start is included in the calculation of ice capacity for the first time.Combined with experimental data and theoretical calculation analysis,it is found that the contribution of CL drainage to ice capacity can even reach 50%.The hydrophobic carbon support catalyst was used to improve the hydrophobicity of the CL to study the effect on the drainage and ice capacity.It is found that at−7℃,the ice capacity increases by 0.75 mg/cm^(2) due to the increase of CL drainage after hydrophobic,and the increase rate reaches 38.2%,indicating that increasing the hydrophobicity of the CL can increase the drainage to enhance the ice capacity,and the higher the starting temperature,the greater the increase.Finally,the freeze-thaw cycle(F/T)test shows that the ice capacity of the CL with high hydrophobicity is more stable.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 催化层排水量 冷启动 冰容量 催化层疏水性 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]