地下大规模储氢的挑战与发展前景  

Challenges and development prospects of large-scale underground hydrogen storage

作　　者：杨永飞[1,2] 尚振骁 秦朝中 刘峻铭 张洪枫 李嘉玮 张磊[1,2] 孙海[1,2] 钟俊杰[1,2] 张凯 姚军[1,2] YANG Yongfei;SHANG Zhenxiao;QIN Chaozhong;LIU Junming;ZHANG Hongfeng;LI Jiawei;ZHANG Lei;SUN Hai;ZHONG Junjie;ZHANG Kai;YAO Jun(School of Petroleum Engineering in China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]深层油气全国重点实验室(中国石油大学(华东)),山东青岛266580 [3]重庆大学资源与安全学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期95-104,共10页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ER2024ZD17);青岛市自然科学基金原创探索项目(23-2-1-230-zyyd-jch);国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20595,52034010,52288101);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0203400);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(23CX10004A);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT_16R69)。

摘　　要：氢气作为一种绿色清洁能源,近年来受到越来越多的关注。但由于其低密度特性,需要较大的储存空间,地下储层可以为氢气提供大规模、长周期的储存空间,并有望突破氢能产业链中的储存关键瓶颈。对枯竭油气藏、地下盐穴和含水层3类储集空间的特点进行分析对比,阐述地下储氢工程的发展现状;总结地下储氢面临的挑战,盖层密封性、氢气在地下多孔介质中复杂的赋存和流动特征、生物化学反应造成氢气损失以及地下储氢矿场尺度数值模型构建等;最后对地下储氢在中国的发展前景进行展望,地下储氢是中国实现“双碳”目标必不可少的工程技术。Hydrogen is considered as a kind of green and clean energy,which has been receiving more and more attentions in recent years,but it needs large space for storage due to its low density.Underground rock formation or reservoirs can provide large-scale and long-term storage of hydrogen and may break through the key bottleneck of storage in the hydrogen energy industry chain.In this study,the characteristics of three types of underground storage spaces were analyzed and compared for hydrogen storage,including depleted oil and gas reservoirs,underground salt caverns and aquifers,and the current development and research status of underground hydrogen storage engineering were described.The challenges faced in underground hydrogen storage were considered,such as caprock sealing,complex adsorption and flow characteristics of hydrogen in subsurface porous media,hydrogen loss due to biochemical reactions,and engineering modelling.The developmet prospects of underground hydrogen storage in China were dicussed,highlighting that underground hydrogen storage is an indispensable engineering technology for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

关 键 词：地下储氢 氢能 地下盐穴 枯竭油气藏 含水层 

分 类 号：TE09[石油与天然气工程]