滇中禄劝地区下寒武统筇竹寺组化石的发现及其意义  

Discovery and Significance of Fossils from the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in the Luquan Area of Central Yunnan

作　　者：刘军平 姚卫华 宛胜 李维科 何世军[7] 赵江泰 陈棵 魏思礼 LIU JunPing;YAO WeiHua;WAN Sheng;LI WeiKe;HE ShiJun;ZHAO JiangTai;CHEN Ke;WEI SiLi(Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey,Kunming 650216,China;School of Earth Science and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration and Utilization,MNR,Kunming,650051,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration and Utilization,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China;School of Earth Science and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Institute of Basic Geological Survey,Jiangxi Geological Survey and Exploration Institute,Nanchang 330030,China;The Second Geological Exploration Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省地质调查院,昆明650216 [2]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [3]自然资源部三江成矿作用及资源勘查利用重点实验室,昆明650051 [4]云南省三江成矿作用及资源勘查利用重点实验室,昆明650051 [5]中山大学地球科学与工程学院,广州510275 [6]江西省地质调查勘查院基础地质调查所,南昌330030 [7]中国冶金地质总局第二地质勘查院,福州350108

出　　处：《沉积学报》2024年第6期2079-2087,共9页Acta Sedimentologica Sinica

基　　金：云南省科学技术厅项目(202305AD160031,202401AT070012);云南省自然资源厅项目(D201905,D202207);云南省古生物化石开发保护调查项目(530000210000000021416)。

摘　　要：【目的】为发现下寒武统筇竹寺组可与澄江生物群对比的化石产地,区域地层对比和进一步揭示早寒武世生物的生命演化提供重要的古生物化石依据。【方法】以下寒武统筇竹寺组石岩头段下黑层深灰色粉砂质页岩发育的宏体生物化石为研究对象,开展了精细剖面调查、化石鉴定、电子探针、扫描电镜、XRF测试等,以此探讨新发现的宏体生物化石的地质意义。【结果】大新山化石类型主要有朵氏小昆明虫(Kunmingella douvillei)、虫迹(未定种)、锥管螺(Conotheca sp.)、帽天山虫(Maotianshania sp.)、澄江顾脱贝(Kutorgina chengjiangensis)、鳃虾(Branchiocaris sp.)、古虫(Vetulicola sp.)、始莱德利基虫(Eoredlichia sp.)及豆芽类化石(未知种)。但在普德一带同一层位发现了疑似骨骼生物的化石。通过XRF扫描显示,化石含较高浓度的Ca、Cr、P,与围岩成分明显不同(Fe、S、Ti),Ca、P是骨骼化石主要组成元素。【结论与展望】大新山—普德一带化石不仅保存完整、较为丰富,个体较大、种类多样,赋存层位露头好,交通便利,且化石层位较“澄江生物群”赋存层位低,具有较好的研究意义和科普价值,也有望在云南禄劝地区建立第二个早寒武世生物群:大新山—普德生物群。为研究早寒武世生物活动规律、范围、复苏、古环境演化及地层区域对比提供了重要的古生物化石研究素材。[Objective]To discover fossil habitats that can be compared with the Chengjiang biota in the lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation,regional stratigraphic correlation,and further reveal the life evolution of early Cambrian organisms,important paleontological fossil evidence is provided[.Methods]The study focuses on the macrobiotic fossils developed in the dark gray sandy shale of the lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation.Fine profile surveys,fossil identification,electron probes,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray fluorescence(XRF)testing,and other analyses were conducted to explore the geological significance of the newly discovered macrobiotic fossils.[Results]The main types of fossils in Daxinshan include Kunmingella douvillei,pest ichnology,Conotheca sp.,Maotianshania sp.,Kutorgina chengjiangensis,Branchiocaris sp.,Vetulicola sp.,Eoredlichia sp.,and fossil leguminosae(unknown species).In addition,suspected skeletal fossils have been discovered at the same level in the Pude area.XRF scanning shows that the fossils contain relatively high concentrations of Ca,Cr,and P and are significantly different from the composition of the surrounding rock(Fe,S,Ti).Ca and P are the main constituent elements of skeletal fossils.The fossils in the Daxinshan Pude area are not only well preserved and relatively abundant,but also have a large number of individual and diverse species.[Conclusions and Prospects]Transportation to the fossil site is convenient.Moreover,the occurrence of the fossils is relatively low compared to the"Chengjiang biota,"which has research significance and scientific popularization value.Thus,it is possible to establish a second early Cambrian biota in the Luquan area of central Yunnan:the Daxinshan Pude biota.This discovery provides important paleontological fossil research materials for studying the patterns,scope,recovery,paleoenvironmental evolution,and stratigraphic regional correlation of early Cambrian biological activities.

关 键 词：澄江生物群 骨骼化石 下寒武统 筇竹寺组 禄劝地区 

分 类 号：Q915.2[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]