HIV感染者/艾滋病病人抗逆转录病毒治疗负担体验的质性研究  

Experience of treatment burden in patients with HIV/AIDS:a qualitative study

作　　者：周航 于靖雯 谭友琴 吴纯昊 吴昊 ZHOU Hang;YU Jingwen;TAN Youqin;WU Chunhao;WU Hao(Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Infectious Disease,Yunnan 650301 China)

机构地区：[1]云南省传染病医院,650301 [2]昆明幼儿师范高等专科学校,651700

出　　处：《全科护理》2024年第24期4555-4559,共5页Chinese General Practice Nursing

基　　金：云南省传染病临床医学中心项目。

摘　　要：目的:了解人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)负担真实体验,为后续开发治疗负担相关量表、制定减轻HIV感染者/AIDS病人治疗负担的措施提供参考依据。方法:采用现象学研究方法,通过目的抽样法选取2023年11月—2024年2月在云南省某三级甲等医院感染科住院治疗的15例HIV感染者/AIDS病人开展访谈;采用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行分析并提炼主题。结果:共提炼出4个主题和9个亚主题。时间经济负担沉重(ART治疗的经济负担、ART治疗面临的时间负担)、ART治疗流程有待优化(诊疗过程繁琐、不利于隐私保护)、自我行为管理困难(长期监测病情困难、难以维持良好的健康行为)、难以承受的心理负担(缺乏治疗信心、沉重的歧视负担、无法排解的负性情绪)。结论:HIV感染者/AIDS病人在ART过程中治疗负担较重,医护人员应关注病人在ART过程中面临的治疗负担,并根据个体情况制订干预方案来平衡病人医疗保健工作量和个人能力之间的关系,尽可能将HIV感染者/AIDS病人的治疗负担降至最低,以提高ART的治疗效果。Objective:To understand the experience of antiretroviral therapy(ART)treatment burden of HIV/AIDS patients,and to provide a basis for the subsequent development of treatment burden-related scales and the formulation of measures to reduce the treatment burden of patients.Methods:A phenomenological study was used to conduct interviews with 15 HIV/AIDS patients hospitalized in the department of infectious diseases from November 2023 to February 2024 through objective sampling,and the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was used to analyze the data and refine the themes.Results:A total of 4 themes and 9 subthemes were extracted:heavy time and financial burden(the financial burden of ART therapy;time burden of ART treatment),ART treatment process needs to be optimized(the treatment process is cumbersome;privacy protection),self-behavior management difficulties(long-term monitoring of the disease is difficult;difficulty maintaining good health behaviors),unbearable psychological burden(lack of confidence in treatment;the heavy burden of discrimination;negative emotions that cannot be resolved).Conclusions:The treatment burden of HIV/AIDS patients is heavy during ART,and medical staff should pay attention to this fact and formulate intervention plans according to individual conditions to balance the relationship between the patient′s healthcare workload and personal ability,and minimize the treatment burden of HIV/AIDS patients as much as possible to improve the therapeutic effect of ART.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 人类免疫缺陷病毒 抗逆转录病毒治疗 治疗负担 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]