微生境对大兴安岭岛状沼泽林地表节肢动物beta多样性影响  

Effect of microhabitat on beta diversity of ground⁃dwelling arthropods community in an island⁃like swamp forest at Daxing’anling Mountains

作　　者：丁敏 叶董 刘志涛[1] 王道齐 李慧仁 韦昌雷 赵厚坤 王立中 林英华[2] DING Min;YE Dong;LIU Zhitao;WANG Daoqi;LI Huiren;WEI Changlei;ZHAO Houkun;WANG Lizhong;LIN Yinghua(College of Life Science and Technology,Harbin Normal University,Harbin150080,China;Institute of Ecological Protection and Restoration,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Daxing’anling Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Nenjiangyuan Forest Ecosystem National Research Station,Jiagedaqi 165000,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091 [3]大兴安岭农林科学研究院,黑龙江嫩江源森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,黑龙江加格达奇165000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2024年第12期3710-3716,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所(CAFIWRTC2021001);国家自然科学基金项目(31570603)资助。

摘　　要：以大兴安岭东部特有的森林沼泽林型——岛状沼泽林为研究区域,采用陷阱法调查岛状沼泽林3种典型林型,即兴安落叶松纯林(Larix gmelinii)、白桦纯林(Betula platyphylla)、落叶松⁃白桦混交林地表节肢动物群落与栖息生境要素特征,分析地表节肢动物群落beta多样性对微生境特征的响应。共采集地表节肢动物544只,隶属5纲14目67科61属,以鞘翅目、双翅目幼虫、膜翅目、蜘蛛目与弹尾目为主,其中白桦纯林个体数、类群数最多,兴安落叶松纯林最少。3种林型地表节肢动物总beta多样性β_(sor)及其组分物种周转β_(sim)、物种镶嵌β_(nes)差异不显著,但同一类群物种周转β_(sim)、物种镶嵌β_(nes)均存在显著差异性(P<0.05),且β_(sim)/β_(sor)比值均大于50%,表明岛状沼泽林地表节肢动物群落多样性变化主要受物种周转的影响,并且丰度越大的类群对beta多样性影响越大。地表节肢动物群落多样性与地表温湿度(r^(2)=0.120~0.128,P<0.01)、土壤主要化学性质(r^(2)=0.229~0.230,P<0.01)以及凋落物厚度(r^(2)=0.148,P<0.01)均呈显著正相关,但地表温湿度、土壤主要化学性质与植被特征共同解释了地表节肢动物群落变异的11.03%,还有88.97%的变异没有得到解释,显示土壤过湿与土壤养分过高所致的生境斑块异质化直接影响了岛状沼泽林地表节肢动物生境选择偏好,并对其beta多样性形成过程产生复杂影响。Island⁃like swamp forest is a unique ecosystem in the eastern Daxing’anling Mountains.Pitfall trap method was used to investigate ground⁃dwelling arthropod community and habitat characteristics.We analyzed the response of ground⁃dwelling arthropod community beta diversity to microhabitat characteristics in three typical island⁃like swamp forests,namely,pure larch forest(Larix gmelinii),pure birch forest(Betula platyphylla),and larch and birch mixed forest.A total of 544 arthropods,belonging to 5 classes,14 orders,67 families and 61 gene⁃ra,were collected.The ground⁃dwelling arthropod communities were mainly dominated by Coleoptera,Diptera lar⁃vae,Hymenoptera,Aranea,and Collembola.Among them,the individual abundance and taxa(order)richness was the highest in the birch pure forest and the lowest in the larch pure forest.There were no significant differences in total beta diversity(β_(sor))and species turnover(β_(sim))and species nestedness(β_(nes))components of ground⁃dwelling arthropod community in the three habitats,but there were differences inβ_(sim)andβ_(nes)components in the same taxa(P<0.05).Theβ_(sim)/β_(sor)ratio was greater than 50%,indicating that changes in ground⁃dwelling arthro⁃pod community diversity in the island⁃like swamp forests were mainly affected by species turnover,and the taxa with greater abundance had a greater impact on beta diversity.The diversity of ground⁃dwelling arthropod communi⁃ty was positively correlated with surface temperature and moisture(r^(2)=0.120-0.128,P<0.01),major soil che⁃mical properties(r^(2)=0.229-0.230,P<0.01),and litter layer thickness(r^(2)=0.148,P<0.01).Surface tempera⁃ture and moisture,main soil chemical properties and vegetation characteristics together explained 11.03%of the variation of ground⁃dwelling arthropod community.However,88.97%of the variation was not explained.Our results suggested that habitat patch heterogeneity caused by soil overwetting and overnutrient directly affected the habitat selection preference o

关 键 词：群落组成 共存格局 土壤理化性质 冗余分析 大兴安岭 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]