冲压模具结构拓扑——尺寸联合优化设计方法  

Topology and Size Joint Optimization Design Method for Stamping Die Structure

作　　者：严磊 杨姝[1] 亓昌 Yan Lei;Yang Shu;Qi Chang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,大连116024

出　　处：《汽车工程》2024年第12期2181-2189,2231,共10页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2503503)资助。

摘　　要：冲压模具结构设计的目标是在同时考虑结构性能和模具质量的情况下,获得最优的结构构型及相应的尺寸参数。仅靠单一的拓扑优化流程很难实现这一目标。为此,本研究提出了一种模具结构拓扑—尺寸联合优化设计方法。该方法通过采用节点一一对应的载荷映射策略,避免了复杂的载荷映射计算步骤,直接将接触面的载荷分布转换为静力模型中的加载工况。通过给出的性能评价指数和相应的选择策略确定拓扑优化模型中结构性能的放松系数,使拓扑优化后模具力学性能不弱于初始设计的同时尽可能轻量化。最后,根据拓扑优化获得的最优结构构型,采用基于多代理模型的尺寸优化方法确定其对应的结构参数。该方法被成功应用于汽车结构件冲压模具的优化设计,并通过对比初始设计、拓扑优化设计和拓扑—尺寸联合优化设计的结果,验证了所提方法的有效性。The goal of the structural design of a stamping die is to obtain the optimal structural configuration and the corresponding size parameters while considering both structural performance and die weight,which is difficult to achieve with a single topology optimization process.Therefore,a design method combining topology and size optimization for stamping die structure is proposed in this paper.The method avoids the complicated load mapping calculation step by adopting the node-to-node load mapping strategy,thus directly transferring the load distribution on the contact surface to the loading step in the static model.The relaxation coefficients of the structural performance in the topology optimization model are determined by the given performance evaluation index and the corresponding selection strategy so that the mechanical properties of the topology optimized dies are not weaker than those of the initial design while reducing the weight as much as possible.Finally,according to the optimal structural configuration obtained from the topology optimization,the corresponding structural parameters are determined by the multiple surrogate models-based size optimization method.The method is successfully applied to the optimal design of stamping dies for automotive structural components and its effectiveness is verified by comparing the results of the initial design,topology-optimized design,and topology size joint optimization design.

关 键 词：冲压模具设计 载荷映射 拓扑优化 多代理模型 

分 类 号：U466[机械工程—车辆工程] TG385.2[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]