不同种群鸭跖草种子性状分析  

Analysis on Seed Characteristics from Various Populations of Commelina communis L.

作　　者：马馨乐 李哲 韩华越 曹鹏瑞 魏存禹 杨娟 MA Xinle;LI Zhe;HAN Huayue;CAO Pengrui;WEI Cunyu;YANG Juan(Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Hebei Province/Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院/河北省作物逆境生物学重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《杂草学报》2024年第3期1-10,共10页Journal of Weed Science

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(编号:C2021407005);河北科技师范学院省属高校基本科研业务费项目(编号:2023JK12);河北省研究生创新资助项目(编号:CXZZSS2024133)。

摘　　要：为了探寻控制鸭跖草种子性状的最佳环境条件,2016年以黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、河北、江苏、浙江、湖北和贵州8个省份46个鸭跖草种群的种子为试验材料,测定其长度、宽度、厚度和百粒重等形态指标。采用相关性分析法、聚类分析法和主成分分析法,确定鸭跖草种子的形态特征及其与环境因子之间的相关关系;根据鸭跖草对不同地区和气候环境的适应性,将其划分成2个不同类群,并阐明分类群与环境因子之间的相关关系,总结鸭跖草对环境的适应规律。结果表明,鸭跖草种群间种子性状之间变异系数存在差异,其中百粒重的变化最大,达17.8%。种子长度与种子宽度、百粒重,种子宽度与种子厚度、百粒重,种子厚度与百粒重之间均存在极显著正相关。经度、纬度和用药历史与种子形态特征之间存在显著或极显著正相关,年均降水量和年均气温与种子形态特征之间存在显著或极显著负相关,说明鸭跖草种子的形态特征与环境因子间相关性较强。这46个种群可以划分成2个类群,即第一类群共有8个种群,主要来自我国南方地区,种子较小,近圆形;第二类群共有38个种群,主要来自我国北方地区,种子相对较大,近椭圆形。可见,我国鸭跖草种子形状存在“南方小、北方大”的地理差异。本研究结果为通过调节种子库大小的方式防控鸭跖草奠定了理论基础。To identify the optimal environmental conditions for regulating the seed characteristics of Commelina communis L.,seeds from 46 populations of C.communis spanning Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning,Hebei,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Hubei,and Guizhou were utilized as experimental materials in 2016.We measured morphological indicators of C.communis seeds,including length,width,thickness,and 100-seed weight.To analyze these data,we used correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis.Through these analyses,we determined the morphological characteristics of the seeds and their correlations with environmental factors.Based on the adaptability of C.communis to different regions and climatic environments,these 46 populations were divided into two groups.Afterwards,we expounded the correlation between these classified groups and environmental factors,and then summarized the adaptive patterns of C.communis to the environment.The results showed that the coefficients of variation for seed characteristics differed among C.communis populations,with the 100-seed weight exhibiting the greatest variation,up to 17.8%.There were highly significant positive correlations between seed length and seed width,seed length and 100-seed weight,seed width and seed thickness,seed width and 100-seed weight,as well as seed thickness and 100-seed weight.Significant or highly significant positive correlations were also between longitude,latitude,and pesticide use history with seed morphological characteristics.Conversely,there were significant or highly significant negative correlations between annual average rainfall and annual average temperature with seed morphological characteristics.These findings indicated that strong correlation existed between the morphological characteristics of C.communis seeds and environmental factors.These 46 populations could be divided into two groups.The first group included 8 populations,primarily from southern China,with smaller,nearly round seeds.The second group included 38 populations,mainly from northe

关 键 词：鸭跖草 种子 形态特征 多样性 环境因子 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]