青麸杨叶绿体基因序列遗传多样性及优良品系筛选  

Population Genetic Diversity of Rhus Potaninii Maxim Inferring from Partial Chloroplast Sequences and Screening of Qualified Strains

作　　者：梁宁 陈彦华 靳彦卿 任竹梅[1] LIANG Ning;CHEN Yanhua;JIN Yanqing;REN Zhumei(School of Life Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Anhong Testing Technology Co.,Ltd,Taiyuan 030008,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生命科学学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西安弘检测技术有限公司,山西太原030008

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期1289-1296,共8页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870366);山西省重点研发计划(国际科技合作)项目(201803D421051);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-018)。

摘　　要：以叶绿体DNA部分序列为分子标记,研究青麸杨种群的遗传多样性和遗传结构;测定肚倍单宁含量,综合分析筛选肚倍优良品系。PCR扩增测定青麸杨6个种群111个个体的叶绿体trn H-psb A和trn L-F区序列,长度分别为627 bp和847 bp,各包括24和15个单倍型,其中trn H-psb A序列的两个单倍型(Hap1和Hap2)为所有种群共有,分布范围最广;trn L-F区序列只有一个单倍型(Hap1),为所有种群共有。分子方差分析法(Analysis of molecular variance,AMOVA)分析显示两段间隔区序列在青麸杨种群内的变异高于种群间变异;陕西青麸杨种群的核苷酸和单倍型多样性指数均最高,与多样性指数最低的四川广元种群之间的遗传距离最大。TCS(Tamura-Nei's consensus sequence)网络图分析显示,陕西安康和城固地区是青麸杨种群的扩散中心;Tajima's D统计分析表明青麸杨种群的进化经历过种群扩张过程。另外,来自陕西地区的肚倍单宁含量较高,且青麸杨群体具有较高的遗传多样性,有利于应对各种不良环境和抵御病虫害,适宜作为优良品系进行优先人工选育。In this study,the partial sequences of chloroplast DNA are used as molecular markers to study the genetic diversity and structure of the Rhus potaninii populations,and the tannin content in bellied gallnut is tested to screen the qualified strains.Based on PCR results,the trn H-psb A and trn L-F regions of chloroplast DNA of 111 R.potaninii individuals from seven populations were sequenced and their length were 627 bp and 847 bp with 24 and 15 haplotypes,respectively.The two haplotypes(Hap1 and Hap 2)of trn H-psb A sequence were the most widely distributed in all the six populations,while only one haplotype(Hap1)was present in all populations for the trn L-F region.Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)showed that the variation of the two interval sequences was higher within the population than that between the populations.The nucleotide and haplotype diversity in Shaanxi populations was the highest,while that in Sichuan population is the lowest,and they had the longest genetic distance.TCS(Tamura-Nei's consensus sequence)network analysis indicated that the dispersal centers of R.potaninii populations were located in Ankang and Chenggu areas of Shaanxi Province.Tajima's D values indicated that the expansion of R.potaninii populations has ever occurred in the evolutionary history.The tannin content of bellied gallnut and genetic diversity of R.potaninii populations in Shaanxi were higher than other populations,which is better able to cope with various adverse environments and resist pests and diseases,so the samples from Shaanxi populations could be used as the qualified resources to be planted and developed.

关 键 词：青麸杨 叶绿体DNA 遗传多样性 单宁 优良品系 

分 类 号：Q949.28[生物学—植物学]