粉煤灰基注浆灭火材料防火性能研究  

Fire Performance of Fly Ash-based Grouting Fire Extinguishing Materials

作　　者：安全 宋慧平 吴海滨 程芳琴 刘春晖 狄子琛 赵仲鹤 AN Quan;SONG Huiping;WU Haibin;CHENG Fangqin;LIU Chunhui;DI Zichen;ZHAO Zhonghe(Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanxi University,Engineering Research Center of Resource Eficiency Enhancing and Carbon Emission Reduction in Yellow River Basin,Ministry of Education,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Land Ecological Environment Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Taiyuan 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学资源与环境工程研究所,黄河流域资源增效减碳教育部工程研究中心,山西太原030006 [2]山西大地生态环境技术研究院有限公司,山西太原030012

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期1297-1306,共10页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22378241);山西省黄河实验室科技攻关项目(YRL-202112);山西焦煤集团公司横向项目(202210)。

摘　　要：煤矸石山自燃是煤氧剧烈反应的过程,会随之产生大量的SO_(2)、CO、H_(2)S、CO_(2)等有毒有害气体,严重影响矿区环境和人民生命财产安全。因此,急需通过新的科学技术治理相关问题。本文基于可注性实验,通过注浆灭火来实现隔氧降温堵漏,以达到灭火阻燃的目的,对比自制的粉煤灰基注浆材料、黄土注浆材料和石灰注浆材料在冷态和热态两种情况下灭火效果的差异、组分变化以及与煤炭界面的微观形貌来分析灭火效果。结果表明:(1)在冷态条件下,粉煤灰基注浆材料固水能力较好,与粒径为8 mm~18 mm矸石颗粒粘结效果较好,其中固结体长度可以达到38 mm,且成胶完全,形成的注浆材料比较稳定;同时粉煤灰基注浆材料的流动深度可达到323 mm,流动性最优,下渗速度也相对较慢。(2)在热态条件下,粉煤灰基注浆材料与煤炭界面的固化体呈现结构密实,孔隙和裂缝较少的稳固状态。(3)在冷态和热态条件下,粉煤灰基注浆材料的主要成分为Ca(OH)_(2)、CaCO_(3)和硅线石,Ca(OH)_(2)和CaCO_(3)的衍射峰较强,冷态/热态条件变化前后粉煤灰基注浆材料的主要水化产物无明显变化,Ca(OH)_(2)和CaCO_(3)的衍射峰仍然较强,说明粉煤灰基浆液在灭火过程中较为稳定,生成的Ca(OH)_(2)可以中和矸石燃烧过程中产生的SO_(2)等酸性气体,而较多CaCO_(3)的存在也可以有效围堵矸石块孔隙,减少空气通道,更有利于灭火。研究结果表明,利用粉煤灰制备注浆灭火材料不仅灭火效果较好,而且能够实现固体废弃物规模化利用,达到以废治废的目的。The spontaneous combustion of coal gangue hills is a process of intense reaction between coal and oxygen,which generates a large amount of toxic and harmful gases,such as SO_(2),CO,H_(2)S,CO_(2),etc.,seriously affecting the environment of mining areas and the safety of people's lives and property.Therefore,there is an urgent need to address related issues through new scientific and technological means.This article is based on injectability experiments to achieve oxygen isolation,cooling,and leak sealing through grouting fire extinguishing,in order to achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing and flame retardancy.The fire extinguishing effect is analyzed by comparing the differences,component changes,and micro morphology of the interface with coal between self-made fly ash based grouting materials,loess grouting materials,and lime grouting materials in cold and hot states.The results show that:(1)under cold conditions,the fly ash based grouting material has good water retention ability and good bonding effect with gangue particles with a particle size of 8 mm—18 mm.The length of the consolidated body can reach 38 mm,and the formation of the grouting material is complete,making it relatively stable;At the same time,the flow depth of fly ash based grouting material can reach 323 mm,with the best fluidity and relatively slow infiltration rate.(2)Under hot conditions,the solidified body at the interface between fly ash based grouting material and coal presents a stable state of dense structure with fewer pores and cracks.(3)Under both cold and hot conditions,the main diffraction peaks of fly ash based grouting materials are Ca(OH)_(2),CaCO_(3),and sillimanite.The diffraction peaks of Ca(OH)_(2)and CaCO_(3)are strong,and there is no significant change in the main hydration products of fly ash based grouting materials before and after changes in cold/hot conditions.The diffraction peaks of Ca(OH)_(2)and CaCO_(3)are still strong,indicating that the fly ash-based slurry is relatively stable during the fire extinguishing

关 键 词：煤矸石 自燃 注浆灭火 粉煤灰 灭火性能 

分 类 号：X505[环境科学与工程—环境工程]