Differentiation of bee pollen samples according to the apiary of origin and harvesting period based on their amino acid content  

作　　者：Ana M.Ares Laura Toribio Jesús A.Tapia Amelia V.González-Porto Mariano Higes Raquel Martín-Hernández José Bernal 

机构地区：[1]I.U.CINQUIMA,Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA),Faculty of Sciences,University of Valladolid,Valladolid,Spain [2]Department of Statistics and Operations Research,Faculty of Sciences,University of Valladolid,Valladolid,Spain [3]Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla La Mancha (IRIAF),Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental (CIAPA) de Marchamalo,Camino de San Martín,s/n,19180 Marchamalo,Guadalajara,Spain [4]Instituto de Recursos Humanos para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (INCRECYT-FEDER),Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla – La Mancha,Guadalajara,Spain

出　　处：《Food Bioscience》2022年第6期884-891,共8页食品生物科学（英文）

基　　金：supported by the Spanish“Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad”and the“Instituto Nacional de Investigaci´on y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria”(Project numbers RTA 2015-00013-C03-01 and 03).

摘　　要：Bee pollen is currently one of the most widely consumed dietary supplements due to its high nutritional value and its potentially beneficial effects on health. Unfortunately, in recent years an increase in the fraudulent marketing of this product has been detected, mainly in terms of adulteration with pollen from other sources. This has made it necessary to seek new tools to ensure its authentication. Therefore, this study investigates the use of free amino acids as markers of the geographical origin and harvesting period of bee pollen. To demonstrate their potential as biomarkers, 72 samples from four apiaries (Pistacho, Tío Natalio, Monte and Fuentelahiguera), located in the same geographical area (Marchamalo, Guadalajara, Spain), were analyzed by liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection, with the data obtained undergoing canonical discriminant analysis. Variable amounts and numbers of free amino acids were found in the samples analyzed;proline predominated in all of them, in a concentration range of 298–569989 mg/kg. The differences observed in amino acid composition could be attributed to the flowering plants from which the bee pollen samples originated. In addition, it was possible to statistically assign over 75% of the samples to the corresponding apiary of origin, the best results being obtained for the Fuentelahiguera and Tío Natalio apiaries (100%);this classification was even superior in the case of the harvesting periods, as more than 90% of the samples were correctly assigned, and in one period (June) a 100% rate was obtained.

关 键 词：Bee pollen Biomarkers Canonical discriminant analysis Food authenticity Free amino acids HPLC-FLD 

分 类 号：O62[理学—有机化学]