中医四大儿科典籍关于小儿急惊风用药规律的探究  

Exploration of Medication Rules of Pediatric Acute Convulsions in Four Pediatric Classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：陈琳 戴卉 刘林林 毕莹 丁薇 陈昱 CHEN Lin;DAI Hui;LIU Linlin;BI Ying;DING Wei;CHEN Yu(Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang Jiangxi 330038,China;Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital,Nanchang Jiangxi 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌市洪都中医院,江西南昌330038 [2]江西省儿童医院,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《药品评价》2024年第8期963-967,共5页Drug Evaluation

基　　金：江西省中医药管理局科技计划(2020A0304);江西省中医药中青年骨干人才培养项目(第三批)(赣中医药科教字[2021]4号)。

摘　　要：目的运用数据挖掘方法分析《小儿药证直诀》《活幼心书》《幼科发挥》《幼幼集成》中医四大儿科典籍对小儿急惊风的用药规律。方法收集四大儿科典籍中关于小儿急惊风的内服方,建立数据库,利用SPSS Modeler 18.0、SPSS Statistics 25.0等软件进行药物使用频次、功效、性味归经分析,关联分析,聚类分析等。结果筛选出小儿急惊风相关内服方95首,涉及中药172味,累计用药频次696次。应用频次前四的中药依次为甘草、朱砂、麝香、人参,主要功效类别为解表药、清热药、泻下药,主要药性为寒、温、平,主要药味为辛、甘、苦味,归经主要入脾经、肝经、心经、肺经。关联分析结果显示,支持度较高的组合为甘草-熟地黄,朱砂-熟地黄,麝香-熟地黄,人参-熟地黄,麝香-朱砂,麝香、熟地黄-朱砂。通过聚类分析获得药物组合2个,为朱砂、麝香、牛黄、雄黄、全蝎、僵蚕、天南星、半夏以及人参、枳壳、甘草、茯苓、大黄、黄芩、防风、当归、川芎、黄连。结论中医四大儿科典籍中关于小儿急惊风治疗的用药规律重在辨别轻重缓急,针对内外病因,分阶段辨证施治。Objective To analyze the medication rules of Pediatric Acute Convulsions in four pediatric classics"Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue""Huo You Xin Shu""You Ke Fa Hui""You You Ji Cheng"based on data mining.Methods The oral medication prescriptions related to pediatric acute convulsions from the four pediatric classics were collected to establish a database.SPSS Modeler 18.0,SPSS Statistics 25.0 were used to analyse the frequency,efficacy,flavor,Meridian Tropism,and conduct association analysis and cluster analysis.Results 95 prescriptions related to acute infantile convulsion were screened out,involving 172 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine,with a cumulative frequency of 696.The top four with the highest frequency of application were glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch,cinnabar,musk and ginseng,the main efficacy categories were exterior-releasing medicinal,heat-clearing medicinal and heat-clearing medicinal,the main properties were cold,warm,and neutral.The flavors of the medicine were mainly pungent,sweet and bitter.The most relevant meridians were spleen,liver,heart and lung.The correlation analysis results showed that the combinations with high support were liquorice-rehmannia glutinosa;cinnabar-rehmannia glutinosa;musk-rehmannia glutinosa;ginseng-rehmannia glutinosa;musk-cinnabar;musk,rehmannia glutinosa-cinnabar.Two drug combinations were obtained by cluster analysis,for cinnabar,musk,bezoar,realgar,scorpion,bombyx batryticatus,arisaema,pinellia ternate and ginseng,fructus aurantii,licorice,poria,rhubarb,scutellaria,saposhnikovia,angelica,chuanxiong,coptis chinensis.Conclusion The rules of medication used in the treatment of children's acute convulsions in four pediatric classics of TCM emphasize the identification of light and heavy remissions,the treatment of internal and external causes of the disease,and the identification of symptoms and treatments in phases.

关 键 词：小儿急惊风 数据挖掘 用药规律 小儿药证直诀 活幼心书 幼科发挥 幼幼集成 

分 类 号：R272[医药卫生—中医儿科学]