绿芦笋品种间产量及主要营养成分周年变化测定  

Determination of annual variation of yield and main nutrients of green asparagus

作　　者：张旭娟 周历萍[2] 俞可欣 柴伟国[2] 潘念 傅潇霞 施建军 ZHANG Xujuan;ZHOU Liping;YU Kexin;CHAI Weiguo;PAN Nian;FU Xiaoxia;SHI Jianjun(Hangzhou Jiahui Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311228,China;Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;Xiaoshan Agricultural(Forestry)Technology Promotion Center,Hangzhou 311200,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州佳惠农业开发有限公司,浙江杭州311228 [2]杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江杭州310024 [3]杭州市萧山区农(林)业技术推广中心,浙江杭州311200

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第10期2238-2246,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(蔬菜新品种选育)子课题芦笋新品种选育(2021C02065-7-2)。

摘　　要：通过对6个绿芦笋品种在整个采收期内的生长速度、产量及不同部位的主要营养成分进行测定分析,研究我国南方设施栽培模式下绿芦笋产量和主要营养成分之间的相关性,以及不同品种主要营养成分周年变化情况,为鉴选适宜南方种植的芦笋品种提供依据。经研究,在收获季节,JH152的生长速度略快于其他品种,且该品种的单株年产量(3 220.80 g)、商品笋率(92.67%)和优质笋率(52.73%)均显著高于其他5个品种,但其嫩茎上部总黄酮和维生素C(V_(C))的年平均含量较低,这可能与其生长快、产量高有关。格兰德虽单株年产量较低(2 294.51 g),但其嫩茎的总黄酮和V_(C)营养成分含量显著高于其他品种(总黄酮542.9 mg·kg^(-1)、V_(C) 596.8 mg·kg^(-1))。在营养品质的周年表现方面,6个绿芦笋品种的主要营养成分(总黄酮、V_(C)和可溶性糖)因不同收获季节及嫩茎不同部位存在显著差异(P<0.05),且相对于品种和产量而言,不同收获季节和管理方式对芦笋主要营养成分的影响更大。研究结果进一步阐明了芦笋营养品质的变化规律,同时也为育种家提供了培育优质、特质芦笋品种的依据。The annual variation in yield and nutritional quality of green asparagus under the cultivation mode in southern China was evaluated to provide the selection basis for asparagus farmers.Fresh spears of six cultivars were harvested in different months,to determine the growth rate,yield and main nutritional components(soluble sugar,V_(C) and total flavonoids)from their different parts.During the harvest season,the growth rate of JH152 was slightly faster than other cultivars,and its annual yield of 3220.80 g per plant,commodity rate(92.67%)and high-quality(52.73%)rate were significantly higher,but the total flavonoids and vitamin C(V_(C))contents in the upper segment of JH152 spears were low,which may be related to the shortest emergence time and the highest yield.Relatively,the annual yield of Grande was lower(2294.51 g per plant),but its fresh spears retained better commercial and nutritional quality with 542.9 mg·kg^(-1) total flavonoids and 596.8 mg·kg^(-1) V_(C).Total flavonoids,V_(C) and soluble sugar in spears exhibited marked seasonal variation,and their contents in different parts were significantly diverse(P<0.05),and the effects of harvest seasons and management methods on the main nutrients of green asparagus were greater than that of variety and yield.The study further elucidates the regularity of nutritional quality of green asparagus,and also provides the basis for breeding of green asparagus with high quality and yield.

关 键 词：绿芦笋 总黄酮 维生素C 可溶性糖 产量 周年表现 

分 类 号：S644.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]