温州市杨梅农药残留与重金属污染特征及膳食摄入风险评估  

Investigation of pesticide residues and heavy metal contamination characteristics and dietary risk assessment of Myrica rubra in Wenzhou, China

作　　者：梁秀美 张维一 陈官菊[1] 夏海涛[1] 郭秀珠[1] 何如意 蒋佳铭 林定鹏 LIANG Xiumei;ZHANG Weiyi;CHEN Guanju;XIA Haitao;GUO Xiuzhu;HE Ruyi;JIANG Jiaming;LIN Dingpeng(Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops,Wenzhou 325005,Zhejiang,China;Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Experimental Station of Agricultural Products Quality Safety Risk Assessment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wenzhou 325006,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省亚热带作物研究所,浙江温州325005 [2]温州市农业科学研究院,农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验站,浙江温州325006

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第10期2347-2357,共11页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023SNJF015);温州市基础性科研项目(N2020010);温州市科技计划项目(X20210100);浙江省科技计划项目(2021C02066-2)。

摘　　要：为探明温州市杨梅中农药残留与重金属污染物特征及膳食风险,开展多菌灵、嘧霉胺、啶虫脒等71种农药残留和铬、镍、铜等9种重金属污染物在杨梅中的污染特征及膳食风险研究。结果表明,121份杨梅样品中,84份检出了农药残留,3份检出不合格,杨梅样品的农药检出率为69.42%、合格率为97.52%,多残留检出率为48.76%;共检出农药30种,其中26种未在杨梅或果树生产中登记。从食品安全指数(IFS)评价结果来看,检出农药的IFS值和IFS值均<1,摄入风险在可接受范围。从点评估法评价结果来看,检出农药的慢性膳食摄入风险(%ADI)、急性膳食摄入风险(%ARfD)均<100%,慢急性膳食摄入风险均可接受。杨梅重金属污染物的合格率为94.21%,不合格样品均为镉超标,镉的中位值<均值<限量。从IFS评价结果来看,重金属的摄入风险在可接受范围。研究表明,温州市杨梅农药与重金属的膳食摄入风险均可接受。In order to investigate the characteristics of pesticide residues and heavy metal pollutants of Myrica rubra in Wenzhou and the risk of dietary, the pollution characteristics and dietary risk of 71 pesticide residues such as carbendazim, pyrimethanil, acetamiprid and 9 heavy metal pollutants such as chromium, nickel, cuprum in Myrica rubra were studied. The results showed that in 121 samples of Myrica rubra, 84 were found to have pesticide residues and 3 were found to be substandard, the detection rate of pesticides in Myrica rubra samples was 69.42%, the qualified rate was 97.52%, and the detection rate of multiple residues was 48.76%. A total of 30 pesticides were detected, 26 pesticides were not registered in Myrica rubra or fruit production. In terms of dietary intake risk assessment of pesticides, based on the evaluation results of the pesticide residue food safety index (IFS), this study found IFS values and IFS values of detected pesticides were all less than one, indicating that dietary intake risk was at an acceptable level. Based on the evaluation results of the point evaluation method, this study found chronic dietary intake risk (%ADI) and acute dietary risk (%ARfD) of detected pesticides were all less than 100%, indicating that chronic and acute dietary intake risk was at an acceptable level. The qualified rate of heavy metal pollutants in Myrica rubra samples was 94.21%, while the unqualified samples were all cadmium exceeding the standard, and the median value of cadmium level was less than the average and the national limits for food contaminants. According to the IFS evaluation results, dietary intake risk of heavy metals is at an acceptable level. And according to the evaluation results of point assessment method, chronic dietary exposure risk of heavy metals is acceptable. These results suggest that, pesticide residues and heavy metal dietary intake of Myrica rubra in Wenzhou is acceptable.

关 键 词：杨梅 农药残留 重金属 污染特征 膳食风险 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学]