负压腔位置变化对真空预载多孔质轴承的影响  

The Influence of Vacuum Cavity Position on Vacuum Preloaded Porous Aerostatic Bearing

作　　者：闫如忠[1,2] 张银宝 YAN Ruzhong;ZHANG Yinbao(College of Mechanical Engineering,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Engineering Research Center of Advanced Textile Machinery,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学机械工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学纺织装备教育部工程研究中心,上海201620

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2024年第12期103-106,共4页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

摘　　要：真空预载多孔质静压轴承具有负压腔吸附与气膜支撑相平衡的特点,可以提高轴承刚度,保证导轨精度,减少导轨支点数量并精简结构。针对负压腔位置变化对轴承静态特性的影响,建立外缘型、嵌入型、内缘型3种不同负压腔位置的真空预载多孔质静压轴承流体模型,应用FLUENT软件进行流体仿真,从而揭示相同承载面积下3种类型轴承的流场压力、承载能力、刚度和耗气量变化规律。通过对比分析表明,不同的负压腔位置会对轴承产生不同的预载效果,导致静态特性存在差异;不同的气膜厚度下,负压腔位置的变化会影响轴承刚度性能;根据负载大小和气膜厚度等因素合理安排负压腔位置对于实现高刚度轴承具有重要意义。With the characteristics of balance between negative pressure and positive pressure,the vacuum preloaded porous aerostatic bearing can improve the bearing rigidity.This bearing can not only ensure the precision of the guideway,but also reduce the number of support points and simplify the structure.Aiming at the influence of the position change of vacuum cavity on the static characteristics of bearing,the fluid models of outer-edge,embedded-edge and inner-edge vacuum preloaded porous aerostatic bearings were established,and fluid simulation was carried out by FLUENT.And the variation laws of flow field pressure,bearing capacity,static stiffness and gas consumption under the same bearing area were revealed.The comparative analysis show that different positions of vacuum cavity had different preload effects,which lead to different static characteristics.The change of vacuum cavity position lead to different bearing stiffness under different film thickness.It is important to arrange the position of the vacuum cavity according to the load and the thickness of film for achieving high stiffness bearings.

关 键 词：真空预载 FLUENT 多孔质 静态特性 

分 类 号：TH133.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]