四十年来中国文化体制机制改革中的“三角法则”——基于湖南广电集团的经验考察  

The“Triangular Law”in the Reform of Chinese Cultural System and Mechanism in the Past 40 Years

作　　者：傅才武[1] 王异凡 Fu Caiwu;Wang Yifan(National Institute of Cultural Development,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国家文化发展研究院

出　　处：《文化软实力研究》2024年第6期5-23,共19页Studies on Cultural Soft Power

基　　金：国家社会科学基金艺术学重大项目“中国式现代化与文化艺术管理体系创新研究”(24ZD17)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：党的二十届三中全会提出聚焦社会主义文化强国建设,深化文化体制机制改革的目标与任务。文化行业如何借助于数字技术的机遇,形成新一轮改革动力,以彰显文化体制改革的时代价值,成为重要理论课题。20世纪80年代启动的大刀阔斧的市场化改革和对技术创新的敏感,使湖南广电集团取得了领先于同行的改革成效,实现了企业的快速发展。深入考察40多年来文化体制改革的动力机制发现,推动文化体制持续演进的动力机制来源于技术结构、集体意志和偶然性机遇协同的“三角法则”。进入21世纪20年代,数字技术驱动的文化结构升级已成为不可阻挡的趋势,技术结构推动力已经具备。党的二十届三中全会的决定体现了深化改革的明确国家意志,但企业家所面临的环境远比前一阶段要复杂得多,“三角法则”中作为偶然性机遇的企业家精神和央地协同结构成为深化改革的关键。落实党的二十届三中全会的改革目标,需要以文化企业为平台,强化央地政策协同激励机制,进一步激发企业家精神,形成新时代文化体制改革的新动力。The Third Plenary Session of the 20 th CPC Central Committee put forward the goal and task of focusing on the construction of a socialist cultural power and deepening the reform of the cultural system and mechanism.How to use the opportunity of digital technology to form a new round of reform impetus in the cultural industry to highlight the value of the cultural system reform has become an important theoretical issue.Based on the case observation of Hunan Broadcasting Group,it is shown that the strength of the market-oriented reform initiated in the 1980 s and the sensitivity to technological innovation have made Hunan Broadcasting achieve the reform effect ahead of its peers and realize the rapid development of enterprise groups.Through an in-depth study of the dynamic mechanism of cultural system reform in the past 40 years,it is found that the dynamic mechanism that promotes the continuous evolution of the cultural system comes from the“triangular law”of the coordination of technical structure,collective will and accidental opportunities.In the 1920 s,the upgrading of cultural structure driven by digital technology has become an irresistible trend,and the driving force of technological structure has been possessed.The decision of the Third Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee reflects the clear national will to deepen the reform,but the environment faced by entrepreneurs is much more complex than the previous stage.The entrepreneurship and the central-local coordination structure as accidental opportunities in the“triangular law”have become the key to deepening the reform.To implement the reform objectives of the Third Plenary Session,it is necessary to take cultural enterprises as a platform,strengthen the incentive mechanism of central and local policy coordination,further stimulate entrepreneurship,and form a new impetus for the reform of cultural system in the new era.

关 键 词：文化体制改革 广播电视 技术红利 文化企业 湖南广电 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学] G124[历史地理—中国史] G229.27[文化科学]