政企联合储备应急物资的合作策略研究  

Study on Cooperative Strategy of Government-enterprise Joint Reserve of Emergency Supplies

作　　者：李晟 丰景春[2] 吴凯丽 张可[2] Li Sheng;Feng Jingchun;Wu Kaili;Zhang Ke(College of Civil Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Business School,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学土木工程学院,江苏南京210037 [2]河海大学商学院,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2024年第11期222-232,共11页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BGL156)。

摘　　要：现有政企联合储备模型更多聚焦于政府与代储企业间的委托代理关系,未考虑代储企业间的契约合作关系对政企关系的影响。针对这一局限,本文研究了一个由政府与两个异质性供应商联合储备应急物资的供应系统。在构建政企委托代理关系的基础上,为两个供应商设计了储备成本分担契约(CS)及含收益分成的双边成本分担契约(RS&BS),借助微分博弈的方法,推导出了政企最优决策策略。最后,结合数值仿真,考察了两种契约形式下采购价格等参数对均衡策略及联储库存的差异化影响,并据此得到管理启示。研究结果表明:CS契约与RS&BS契约各有其优势及最佳应用场景,政府应结合实际情况针对性地调整自身策略,以提升应急物资保障能力。A supply system is studied in which the government,core suppliers and node suppliers jointly reserve emergency supplies.On the basis of establishing the principal-agent relationship between government and enterprise,two forms of cost sharing contract are proposed:(1)Reserve cost sharing contract,which is a kind of classical cost sharing mechanism,that is,the dominant core supplier in the supply chain unilaterally shares part of the reserve cost of the node supplier;(2)Bilateral cost-sharing contract with revenue sharing,that is,core suppliers share fixed proportion of reserve revenue and reward and punishment revenue with node suppliers,and at the same time,two suppliers share certain proportion of reserve cost for each other,forming a two-way subsidy mechanism.By means of differential game,the optimal decision-making strategy of government and enterprise is deduced.Finally,combined with numerical simulation,the differential effects of purchase price and other parameters on equilibrium strategy and Fed inventory under two contract forms are investigated,and some management implications are obtained.The results show that:(1)Compared with the classical CS contract with unilateral compensation mechanism as the core,RS&BS contract enables the government to have a larger range of executable purchase price by introducing revenue sharing and bilateral compensation mechanism;(2)The cooperation form of suppliers will also reverse the government's pricing strategy.Under THE RS&BS contract,the sharing strategy of the core supplier only depends on the revenue distribution within the supplier,while under the CS contract,its sharing strategy is restricted by the external purchase price.(3)CS contract and RS&BS contract have their own best application scenarios.The CS contract can increase the quantity and reserve efficiency of the Fed's inventory.RS&BS contracts are more helpful in keeping inventories at a stable and safe level.

关 键 词：应急供应链 政企联合 物资储备 成本分担契约 

分 类 号：C931[经济管理—管理学]