德国区域经济空间格局演变与影响因素研究  

Research on the evolution and influencing factors of regional economic spatial pattern in Germany

作　　者：司月芳[1,2] 孟琦 胡贤之[1,2] SI Yuefang;MENG Qi;HU Xianzhi(The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;College of Geographical Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2024年第11期41-52,共12页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(23BJL113)。

摘　　要：自两德统一以来,东西德日益突出的区域不平衡问题制约着德国经济发展和社会公平,经济地理学者纷纷通过剖析德国区域经济发展问题以总结区域协调发展的经验与教训。本文基于2000—2020年德国的县级人均GDP数据,对其区域经济发展格局特征和演变过程进行梳理归纳,并使用空间误差模型(SEM)进一步分析德国区域发展格局演变的驱动因子。研究结果显示:(1)德国的区域经济格局呈现出“西高东低、南高北低”的空间分布形态,且人均GDP高值区多分布在大都市核心区。(2)原东德与原西德之间的差距正逐渐缩小,但德国南北方向的区域间经济差异依然存在。(3)德国区域经济发展的驱动因子存在明显的尺度差异性和区域异质性。德国的区域经济格局及其演变对我国区域发展具有借鉴意义,我国应重视中西部地区的科技创新能力建设,其中,实体经济和制造业的发展是培育区域竞争优势的重要手段。本文能为更好地理解德国发展与汲取德国经验提供有益补充。Since the reunification of Germany and East Germany,the increasingly prominent regional economic development imbalance has become a bottleneck limiting Germany's economic development and social equity,and scholars of economic geography have been analyzing the regional economic development problems in Germany to summarize the experiences and lessons of coordinated regional development.This paper focuses on the evolution of the regional economic pattern in Germany from 2000 to 2020.Based on the data of GDP per capita,the spatial distribution and regional pattern are summarised at the federal-l?nder-county(city)level,and the spatial error model(SEM)is used to further analyse the drivers of the evolution of the regional economic pattern in Germany.The spatial error model(SEM)was used to further analyse the drivers of the evolution of regional development patterns in Germany.The results of the study show that:(1)Germany's regional economic pattern shows a spatial distribution pattern of"high in the west and low in the east,high in the south and low in the north",and the high GDP per capita areas are mostly located in the metropolitan cores.(2)The gap between the former East Germany and the former West Germany is gradually narrowing,andregional economic differences in the north-south direction of Germany still exist.(3)There are significant scale differences and regional heterogeneity in the driving factors of regional economic development in Germany.The regional economic pattern and its evolution in Germany can provide references for the future of China's regional development.China should attach importance to the construction of scientific and technological innovation capabilities in the Midwest,and manufacturing industry matters a lot to cultivate competitive advantages of the region.The paper can provide useful perspectives for a better understanding of development and experience of Germany.

关 键 词：德国 区域经济格局 影响因素 空间误差模型 

分 类 号：F151.6[经济管理—世界经济]