外源氯吡脲对烤烟上部叶品质的影响及机理分析  

Influence of exogenous forchlorfenuron on quality of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco and its mechanism

作　　者：董庆 阎轶峰[1] 郭仕平 梁辉 杨兴有 高峻 沈嘉[1] 祖朝龙[1] 姜超强[1] 杨雪 DONG Qing;YAN Yifeng;GUO Shiping;LIANG Hui;YANG Xingyou;GAO Jun;SHEN Jia;ZU Chaolong;JIANG Chaoqiang;YANG Xue(Industrial Crops Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230001,China;Sichuan Institute of Tobacco Science,Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company of CNTC,Chengdu 610041,China;Liangshan Branch of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company,Xichang 615000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所,合肥市230001 [2]中国烟草总公司四川省公司四川省烟草科学研究所,成都市610041 [3]四川省烟草公司凉山州公司,四川省西昌市615000

出　　处：《烟草科技》2024年第11期26-35,共10页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：四川省烟草公司科技项目“四川省工业高可用性上部叶开发”(SCYC202209);“凉攀新烟区烤烟优质高效生产关键技术研究与集成示范”(SCYC202207);安徽省农业科学院成果转化项目“烟粮融合发展技术模式集成示范”(2024YL037)。

摘　　要：为揭示氯吡脲(Forchlorfenuron,CPPU,苯基脲类细胞分裂素)对烤烟上部叶品质的影响机制,以清水为对照,设置了喷施不同质量浓度(10、20和50 mg/L)CPPU的田间试验。研究了CPPU对云烟87和云烟97烤烟品种的农艺性状、化学成分、外观和感官质量的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,不同质量浓度CPPU对两个烤烟品种的作用效果不同。从综合效果来看,云烟87和云烟97均以20 mg/L CPPU喷施效果最优。以20 mg/L CPPU喷施后的云烟87上部叶为材料,对烟叶细胞结构、基因表达及内源激素含量(质量分数)分析结果显示,与对照相比,云烟87上部叶片上、下表皮细胞分别增大17.21%~53.94%、71.05%~75.79%,叶片厚度增加32.41%~44.31%,调控细胞体积的NtTOR1基因相对表达量提高;细胞分裂素、生长素及赤霉素含量升高,调控细胞分裂素信号转导基因NtABRB-1、生长素信号转导基因NtABP1和赤霉素代谢基因NtGRAS相对表达量上调,尤其是在喷施CPPU后12 d效果明显。因此,外源CPPU可通过提高烟叶细胞分裂素、生长素和赤霉素含量(质量分数),调控信号传导相关基因的上调表达,进而促进烟草叶片发育,改善烟叶品质。The action mechanism of forchlorfenuron(CPPU,a benzylurea cytokinin)on the quality of upper flue-cured leaves was investigated through a field experiment in which different mass concentrations(10,20,and 50 mg/L)of CPPU were sprayed and the results were compared with water spray as a control.The effects of CPPU on agronomic traits,chemical composition,appearance,and sensory quality of Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 97 tobacco cultivars were investigated.The results showed that the effects of different concentrations of CPPU on the two cultivars were different from the control.In terms of overall efficacy,both Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 97 showed the best effect after being sprayed with a concentration of 20 mg/L CPPU.The upper leaves of Yunyan 87 sprayed with CPPU at a mass fraction of 20 mg/L were used as research materials,and the results on the leaf’s cell structure,gene expression,and endogenous hormone content(mass fraction)analysis showed that the upper and lower epithelial cells of Yunyan 87 leaves increased by 17.21%-53.94%and 71.05%-75.79%,respectively,as compared with the control.In addition,leaf thickness increased from 32.41%to 44.31%.Furthermore,there was an upregulation in the relative expression level of NtTOR1 gene,which is responsible for regulating cell volume.The application of CPPU resulted in an increase in the levels of cytokinins,auxins,and gibberellins,thereby inducing an upregulation of the relative expression of key genes involved in cytokinin signal transduction(NtABRB-1),auxin signal transduction(NtABP1),and gibberellin metabolism(NtGRAS).Notably,this effect was most pronounced 12 days after the CPPU treatment.Therefore,exogenous CPPU can upregulate the expression of signal transduction-related genes by increasing the contents(mass fractions)of cytokinins,auxins,and gibberellins in leaf cells,thereby improving tobacco quality.

关 键 词：烤烟 上部叶 开片 氯吡脲 内源激素 信号转导 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]