黄蓝状菌J41的分离鉴定及对烟草黑胫病的防治效果  

Isolation and identification of Talaromyces flavus strain J41 and its control effect on tobacco black shank

作　　者：魏喜红 成胜 曹力 马白鸽 秦群英 刘博宇 孙正祥[1] 黎妍妍 WEI Xihong;CHENG Sheng;CAO Li;MA Baige;QIN Qunying;LIU Boyu;SUN Zhengxiang;LI Yanyan(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北省荆州市434025 [2]湖北省烟草科学研究院,武汉市430030

出　　处：《烟草科技》2024年第11期58-64,共7页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技项目“烟草生防菌精准鉴定、重要性状解析及资源库建设”[110202201019(LS-03)];湖北省烟草公司科技项目“荞麦间作对烟草主要病虫害的控制效应研究与示范”(027Y2020-003);“雪茄烟病虫害灾变规律调查及防控技术研究与应用”(027Y2022-023)。

摘　　要：为发掘对烟草黑胫病有生防潜力的真菌,分离白芨(Bletilla striata)的内生真菌,通过平板对峙培养筛选对烟草黑胫病病原菌(烟草疫霉菌,Phytophthora nicotianae)菌丝生长抑制率最高的拮抗菌株,测定其抑菌谱,并通过形态学和系统发育分析鉴定该菌株,检测该菌株能否产生淀粉酶以及合成吲哚乙酸(IAA)和嗜铁素,通过盆栽试验测定其对烟草黑胫病的相对防效。结果表明,从白芨根部分离筛选出对烟草疫霉菌菌丝生长抑制率最高的拮抗菌株为菌株J41,对烟草疫霉菌的菌丝生长抑制率为81.21%。菌株J41对藤黑镰孢菌(Fusarium fujikuroi)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、串珠镰刀菌(Fusarium monjliforme)、禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum)和茄链格孢菌(Alternaria solani)的菌丝生长均有抑制作用。经鉴定,菌株J41为黄蓝状菌(Talaromyces flavus),可产生淀粉酶以及合成吲哚乙酸和嗜铁素。盆栽试验中菌株J41孢子悬浮液对烟草黑胫病的相对防效为66.71%,与58%甲霜·代锰锌可湿性粉剂的相对防效差异不显著(P>0.05)。To identify fungi with biocontrol potential against tobacco black shank,endophytic fungi were isolated from Bletilla striata.An antagonistic strain with the highest inhibition rate against the pathogen(Phytophthora nicotianae)of tobacco black shank was screened by plate confrontation cultivation.The antimicrobial spectrum of the antagonistic strain was determined and identified by morphological and phylogenetic analyses.The production of amylase and synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)and siderophores by the strain were tested,and its relative control efficacy against tobacco black shank was evaluated through pot experiments.The results showed that strain J41,isolated from the roots of Bletilla striata,had an inhibition rate of 81.21%against the mycelial growth of Phytophthora nicotianae.Strain J41 also inhibited the mycelial growth of Fusarium fujikuroi,Fusarium oxysporum,Fusarium moniliforme,Fusarium graminearum,and Alternaria solani.The strain J41 was identified as Talaromyces flavus and could produce amylase and synthesize IAA and siderophores.Strain J41 exhibited a relative control efficacy of 66.71%against tobacco black shank,which was not significantly different from that of 58%metalaxyl·manganese zinc wettable powder(P>0.05).

关 键 词：烟草黑胫病 白芨 黄蓝状菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]