沧州市区气传花粉监测及其与变应性鼻炎吸入性变应原谱的相关性研究  

Monitoring of airborne pollen in Cangzhou city and its correlation with inhalant allergen spectrum of allergic rhinitis

作　　者：刘卫卫[1] 温博深 苏小明[1] 黄艳[2] 申梦梦 贾玉静 王斌[1] Liu Weiwei;Wen Boshen;Su Xiaoming;Huang Yan;Shen Mengmeng;Jia Yujing;Wang Bin(Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Cangzhou Central Hospital,Cangzhou 061000,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Cangzhou Central Hospital,Cangzhou 061000,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州市中心医院耳鼻咽喉科,沧州061000 [2]沧州市中心医院神经外科,沧州061000

出　　处：《国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2024年第6期319-323,340,共6页International Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的监测沧州市气传花粉的种类、数量及变化规律,并收集同期变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的变应原特异性免疫球蛋白E(sIgE)监测结果,分析花粉及其他吸入性变应原的特征及与AR患者血清sIgE相关性,为沧州地区AR的防治提供新的研究支持与参考依据。方法花粉采样地点为沧州市中心医院耳鼻咽喉院区4楼顶层,使用标准空气花粉取样器取样,采用重力沉降法收集,在2022年3至10月连续采集该监测点每日的气传花粉并记录花粉的种类及数量。同时,收集同期就诊于沧州市中心医院耳鼻咽喉科AR患者的血清sIgE结果进行变应原谱分析。结果在2022年3至10月期间,共监测到19个科属的19368粒花粉,以菊科蒿属、桑科、松科、杨柳科柳属等为主。分析1130例AR患者血清sIgE检测结果显示,吸入性变应原中阳性率的前三类分别为尘螨[粉尘螨(45.40%,513/1130)、屋尘螨(36.02%,407/1130)]、屋尘(39.65%,448/1130)、艾蒿(28.76%,325/1130);仅蟑螂和艾蒿有显著的性别差异(P<0.05);不同年龄段中仅有柳树、普通豚草、悬铃木、棉白杨、松树在不同年龄段无显著差异,其余13种变应原在不同年龄组间的阳性率均存在显著差异(P<0.01);28.85%(326/1130)的AR患者只对一项变应原产生过敏反应。结论本研究为沧州地区AR患者的变应原谱提供详细的流行病学数据,揭示了不同性别和年龄段患者对吸入性变应原的差异,为临床诊断和治疗提供了科学依据,并为公共卫生干预措施的制定提供了依据。Objective Monitor the types,quantities,and changes of airborne pollen in Cangzhou City,and collect monitoring results of inhalant allergen specific immunoglobulin E(slgE)in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)during the same period.Analyze the characteristics of pollen and other inhaled allergens and their correlation with slgE in AR patients,providing new research support and reference for the prevention and treatment of AR in Cangzhou City.Methods The pollen sampling site was located on the top floor of the 4th floor of the Ear,Nose,and Throat Branch of Cangzhou Central Hospital.Standard air pollen samplers were used for sampling,and gravity settling method was used for collection.From March to October 2022,daily airborne pollen was collected from the monitoring point,and the types and quantities of pollen were recorded.At the same time,serum slgE results were collected from AR patients who visited the ENT department of Cangzhou Central Hospital during the same period for inhalant allergen spectrum analysis.Results During the period of March to October 2022,a total of 19368 pollen grains from 19 families and genera were monitored,mainly from the Artemisia genus in the Asteraceae family,the Mulberry family,the Pine family,and the Willow family.The analysis of serum slgE detection results in 1130 AR patients showed that the top three positive rates of inhalant allergens were dust mites(45.40%,513/1130),house dust mites(36.02%,407/1130,),house dust mites(39.65%,448/1130),and mugwort mites(28.76%,325/1130);Only cockroaches and mugwort showed significant gender differences(P<0.05);Among different age groups,only willow trees,common ragweed,plane trees,cotton poplar trees,and pine trees did not show significant differences,while the positive rates of the other 13 allergens showed significant differences among different age groups(P<0.01);Only 28.85%(326/1130)of AR patients develop allergic reactions to only one allergen.Conclusions This study provides detailed epidemiological data on the allergen spectrum of AR patien

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 季节性 吸入性变应原 沧州市区 血清特异性免疫球蛋白E 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]