2012-2021年黑龙江省佳木斯市不同检测类型HIV/AIDS晚发现特征分析  

Late presentation of HIV/AIDS,detected through various HIV testing types in Jiamusi,Heilongjiang Province,from 2012 to 2021

作　　者：张金瑞 徐鹏[2] 王俊杰[2] 赵继民[1] 陈欣 安灵 陈方方[2,3] ZHANG Jin-rui;XU Peng;WANG Jun-jie;ZHAO Ji-min;CHEN Xin;AN Ling;CHEN Fang-fang(Jiamusi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiamusi 154007,China;National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID),National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯市疾病预防控制中心,佳木斯154007 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京102206 [3]传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2024年第11期1055-1062,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

摘　　要：目的分析黑龙江省佳木斯市不同检测类型发现HIV/AIDS的晚发现特征。方法资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病综合防治数据信息管理系统,收集现住址为佳木斯市、确证时间为2012-2021年且确证年龄≥15岁的HIV/AIDS。收集基线和随访信息,采用分层分析和logistic回归分析了解不同检测类型HIV/AIDS的晚发现影响因素。采用Excel 2019、SPSS 26.0和Joinpoint 4.9.1.0软件进行数据整理和统计学分析。结果在956例HIV/AIDS中,自愿咨询检测、医疗机构检测和常规筛查检测发现HIV/AIDS分别占53.24%(509/956)、38.81%(371/956)和7.95%(76/956)。晚发现比例为35.04%(335/956),医疗机构检测晚发现比例(53.37%,198/371)高于自愿咨询检测(23.38%,119/509)和常规筛查检测(23.68%,18/76),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。自愿咨询检测和常规筛查检测晚发现风险比医疗机构检测分别减少67%(a OR=0.33,95%CI:0.24~0.46)和71%(a OR=0.29,95%CI:0.16~0.52)。医疗机构检测发现HIV/AIDS中初中及以下(a OR=3.12,95%CI:1.46~6.68)和高中/中专者(a OR=3.78,95%CI:1.68~8.53)的晚发现风险高于大专及以上者,自愿咨询检测发现HIV/AIDS的确证年龄每增加10岁,晚发现风险提高50%(a OR=1.50,95%CI:1.18~1.92)。结论2012-2021年佳木斯市HIV/AIDS的晚发现水平与同时期全国和其他地区接近,未见明显下降。不同检测策略发现HIV/AIDS的晚发现比例和影响因素存在差异,应针对不同检测策略的目标人群开展差异化干预措施,识别晚发现HIV/AIDS的关键特征,推动主动检测,促进早检测早诊断。This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of late presentation of HIV/AIDS through various testing strategies in Jiamusi,Heilongjiang Province.Data were retrieved from the HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information System,focusing on cases diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Jiamusi,Heilongjiang Province during from 2012 to 2021,among individuals aged 15 years or older.Baseline and follow-up information were collected.Stratification analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze factors associated with late presentation of HIV/AIDS by HIV testing types.Excel 2019,SPSS 26.0,and Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software were used for data processing and statistical analysis.Among 956 HIV/AIDS cases,53.24% (509/956),38.81%(371/956)and 7.95%(76/956)were detected through voluntary counseling and testing,medical institution testing,and routine screening testing.The proportion of late HIV/AIDS presentation was 35.04%(335/956)overall,and significantly higher with medical institution testing(53.37%,198/371)than voluntary counseling(23.38%,119/509)and routine screening(23.68%,18/76)(P<0.001).The risk of late presentation was reduced by 67%(a OR=0.33,95%CI:0.24-0.46)for voluntary counseling and testing and by 71%(a OR=0.29,95%CI:0.16-0.52)for routine screening,than medical institution testing.For medical institution testing-detected cases,the risk of late presentation was higher for those with middle school education or below(a OR=3.12,95%CI:1.46-6.68)and high school or technical secondary school education(a OR=3.78,95%CI:1.68-8.53)than those with college education or above.For voluntary counseling and testing-detected HIV/AIDS,the risk of late presentation increased by 50%(a OR=1.50,95%CI:1.18-1.92)with every 10-year increase in age.From 2012 to 2021,the levels of late presentation of HIV/AIDS in Jiamusi were similar to those observed nationally and in other regions during the same period,with no significant decrease noted.Since the proportion of late presentation and its influencing factors differed across different testing strateg

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒感染者 艾滋病病人 晚发现 检测策略 

分 类 号：R373[医药卫生—病原生物学]